This paper introduces a new and computationally inexpensive method to test for uniqueness of equilibrium in exchange economies. ( 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. JEL classixcation: C63; C68; D58

We argue that the rationalization gains often predicted by static applied general equilibrium models with imperfect competition and scale economies are arti ̄cially boosted by an unrealistic treatment of ̄xed costs. We introduce sunk costs into one such model calibrated with real-world data. We show how this changes the oligopoly game in a way signi ̄cant enough to a®ect, both qualitatively and q...

computable general equilibrium models are known as a powerful instrument in economic analyses and widely have been used in order to evaluate trade liberalization effects. the purpose of this study was to provide the impacts of trade openness on pharmaceutical industry using cge model.using a computable general equilibrium model in this study, the effects of decrease in tariffs as a symbol of tr...

the objective of this work is to analyze the effects of decrease in water subsidies (increase in the price of the water) on various economic sectors in order to promote the conservation of this resource based on the actual price of water. but over the past decades, various subsidizing methods hold the cost of water down. on the other hand, the indiscriminate use of these resources led the gover...

10 We present a column generation procedure for the side constrained traffic equilibrium problem. A dual 11 stabilization scheme is introduced to improve the computational performance. Computational experiments 12 for the case of linear side constraints are presented. The test problems are well known traffic equilibrium 13 instances where side constraints of link flow capacity type and general ...

i n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. the majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to unemployment ...

the production of public goods like amenity value of the landscape, food security, preservation of rural communities and rural lifestyle, by agricultural sector is a subject that has been widely accepted by experts. however, in many policies and political analyses carried out, solely the production of private goods by the agricultural sector is paid attention and the important function of publi...

The Hahn–Banach Theorem plays a crucial role in the second fundamental theorem of welfare economics. To date, all mathematical economics and advanced general equilibrium textbooks concentrate on using non-constructive or incomputable versions of this celebrated theorem. In this paper we argue for the introduction of constructive or computable Hahn–Banach theorems in mathematical economics and a...

Here we briefly review the general equilibrium theory, which is pretty traditional: preference and the concept of ordinal utility, demand and comparative statics, the definition of Arrow–Debreu equilibrium, Pareto efficiency and welfare theorems, welfare comparison and compensation principle, and incomplete asset markets. As they are standard, they are presented without proofs. For a comprehens...