Bow hunter’s syndrome (BHS) is a rare symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency in which vertebral artery (VA) is mechanically occluded during head rotation. Various pathologic conditions have been reported as causes of bow hunter’s stroke. To our knowledge, however, just two cases associated with complex cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) malformation with atlantooccipital assimilation were report...

In the present research, molecular detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) and complex vertebral malformation (CVM)in a population of Iranian Holstein cows has been carried outusing milk somatic cells by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The BLAD and CVM are monogenic and autosomal recessive heredity lethal syndrome in Holstein-Friesi...

INTRODUCTION A girl presented with achondroplasia manifested as mild knee pain associated with stiffness of her back. A skeletal survey showed enchondroma-like metaphyseal dysplasia and ossification of the spinal ligaments. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine further clarified the pathological composites. CASE PRESENTATION A 7-year-old girl presented with the classical phenotypic features...

What is Wobbler Syndrome? Wobbler Syndrome is a neurologic disease of dogs that a!ects their spines in the neck region. It is a very important and common cause of neurologic disability in large-breed dogs. Are there other names for Wobbler Syndrome? Wobbler Syndrome or Wobblers is the most common name used, but the veterinary literature has used 14 di!erent names to describe this condition. "is...