Understanding how and why language subsystems differ in their evolutionary dynamics is a fundamental question for historical and comparative linguistics. One key dynamic is the rate of language change. While it is commonly thought that the rapid rate of change hampers the reconstruction of deep language relationships beyond 6,000-10,000 y, there are suggestions that grammatical structures might...

Abstract This study focused mainly on the shifts of the grammatical cohesion in texts translated from English into Persian. It aimed to identify the grammatical cohesive devices (GCDs) in ST and TT separately, based on Halliday and Hassn's Model (1976), determine the number of occurrences of GCDs in two texts and finally, illustrate types of shifts of grammatical cohesion and strategies used in...

The period of Sangam literature was preceded by the Natrinai period, first literary work compiled. It is a book that combines richness with grammatical richness. parables in narrative add beauty to songs abundance and detail. This thesis intended explain how parable, which composed numbers details, makes sense poems. tendency compare one thing another natural characteristic all human beings. op...

when studying russian morphology, one can distinguish two categories. these categories are “grammatical” and “lexico-grammatical”. grammatical categories can be specified through a series of grammatical features of words. considering different criteria, russian grammarians and linguists divide grammatical categories of their language into different types. in determining lexico-grammatical types...

Giuseppe Longobardi is Anniversary Professor of Linguistics in the Department of Language and Linguistic Science of the University of York. He has worked in theoretical and comparative syntax, with a special interest in the study of the structural correspondence of meaning. The structure of nominal expressions and the syntax of negation and negative quantifiers are two of the most prominent top...

This comparative study aimed at finding out the types of grammatical shifts which have occurred in two English translations of the Quranic rhetorical questions, and the impact of such shifts on the said rhetorical questions. For these purposes, the study firstly analyzed the Arabic and English texts syntactically using the x-bar theory for Haegeman (2006) and then classified the grammatical shi...

Jong-Bok Kim, Jaehyung Yang, and Sanghoun Song. 2010. Parsing Korean Comparative Constructions in a Typed-Feature Structure Grammar. Language and Information 14.1 , 1–24. The complexity of comparative constructions in each language has given challenges to both theoretical and computational analyses. This paper first identifies types of comparative constructions in Korean and discusses their mai...

Grammatical words represent the part of grammar that can be most directly contrasted with the lexicon. Aphasiological studies, linguistic theories and psycholinguistic studies suggest that their processing is operated at different stages in speech production. Models of sentence production propose that at the formulation stage, lexical words are processed at the functional level while grammatica...