Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are highly contagious and the most economically important diseases of the poultry affecting respiratory tract and causing economic losses in poultry industry throughout the world. In the present study, the simultaneous detection and differentiation of causative agents of these diseases were investigated using duplex-RT-PCR. RNA was extracted...

In this study, we developed Newcastle disease virus (NDV) virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing NDV fusion (F) protein along with influenza virus matrix 1 (M1) protein using the insect cell expression system. Specific-pathogen-free chickens were immunized with oil emulsion NDV VLP vaccines containing increasing dosages of VLPs (0.4, 2, 10, or 50 μg of VLPs/0.5-ml dose). Three weeks after immun...

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a significant respiratory pathogen of commercial poultry that causes millions of dollars in lost revenue worldwide each year. Even though the poultry industry extensively vaccinates against IBV, emergence of new serotypes and variants continually occur, making control of the disease difficult. Current mass application strategies for IBV vaccines are ineffici...

This study was planned to determine the effects of sumac juice and different application methods on fattening immune performance broiler chickens. The started with 240 Ross 308 chickens at age 1 day. trial model consisted 6 groups in total, 3*2 interaction model, which three levels were given two ways. Each group arranged contain 4 replications, 10 broilers per replication. Birds supplemented (...

Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is a widely distributed poultry disease that has huge economic impact on poultry industry. The continuous emergence of new IBV genotypes and lack of cross protection among different IBV genotypes have been an important challenge. Although live attenuated IB vaccines remarkably induce potent immune response, the potential risk of reversion to virulence, neutraliz...

Colibacillosis in chickens caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is known to be aggravated preceding infections with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease (NDV) and metapneumovirus (aMPV). The mechanism behind these virus-induced predispositions for secondary bacterial poorly understood. Here we set out investigate the immunopathogenesis of enhanced respiratory colib...

infectious bronchitis (ib) and newcastle disease (nd) are highly contagious and the most economically important diseases of the poultry affecting respiratory tract and causing economic losses in poultry industry throughout the world. in the present study, the simultaneous detection and differentiation of causative agents of these diseases were investigated using duplex-rt-pcr. rna was extracted...

Viral infections, including Newcastle disease (ND), constitute a major health problem in the rapidly growing poultry industry of Nepal. Despite regular vaccination commercial farms, ND virus (NDV) outbreaks are frequently reported raising concern over safety and immunogenicity live-attenuated vaccines being used. This study was performed to compare four commercially available Nepal after admini...

This experiment investigated the effects of brooding system (BS) and stocking density (SD) on immune response 1-14-day-old broiler chicks. A 3672 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were raised in two BSs (conventional floor (CFBS) newly developed multi-tier closed (NDBS)) at four different SDs (30, 60, 90, 120 chicks/m2), resulting a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Immunity data lymphoid organ weights, m...

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a prototype member of avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1), which causes severe and contagious disease in the commercial poultry and wild birds. In this study, we report the results of phylogenetic analyses of recent NDVs isolated from Markazi province of Iran during a recent outbreak in the commercial broiler with respiratory signs and digestive system lesio...