PURPOSE The aim of the study was to find an appropriate method for determination of the attachment degree of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to poly(anhydride) nanoparticles. METHODS The nanoparticles were modified with hydroxy-functionalized or with amino-functionalized PEGs. Three methods for their determination were applied and examined: in particular colorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance ( (1...

The He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) and the concept of optothermal window (OW), a variant of the open photoacoustic cell, were combined with the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry assay to quantitate phenolics in four red wines. The total polyphenolic content in selected red wines varied between 786 and 1630 mg/L gallic acid equivalent (GAE) as determined by OW-Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry, which compares well ...

the effect of xanthan hydrocolloid (0.1 and 0.5% w/w of flour) on physical and sensory properties of the fresh and stored barbary bread were studied. effects of hydrocolloids on physical properties of baked bread were determined by different tests of: penetration, colorimetry (hunter values) of crust and differential scanning colorimetry (dsc). sensory evaluation also was carried out for determ...

We analyze the sources of error in specifying color in CRT displays. These include errors inherent in the use of the color matching functions of the CIE 1931 standard observer when only colorimetric, not radiometric, calibrations are available. We provide transformation coefficients that prove to correct the deficiencies of this observer very well. We consider four different candidate sets of c...

The principles that guided the founders of the United States. John Guild opened the meeting with apologies that the agendum circulated in advance was by then out of CIE 1931 system for colorimetry are examined. The principles are applied to the Wright–Guild experimental dedate. He noted, however, that CIE rules then in effect allowed countries four months after the vote for national conterminat...

Global food security for the increasing world population not only requires increased sustainable production of food but a significant reduction in pre- and post-harvest waste. The timing of when a fruit is harvested is critical for reducing waste along the supply chain and increasing fruit quality for consumers. The early in-field assessment of fruit ripeness and prediction of the harvest date ...