Objective: Yield components and genetic contribution have the most important in final yield and breeding programs of crop plants. For this purpose, 20 varieties of grapevines with Russia origin were evaluated in Urmia and Takestan research station (under full irrigation and drought stress). Methods: Twenty grapevine genotypes were evaluated in Urmia and Takestan research station (under full irr...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of treatment conditions plant growth regulators on marketability ‘Red Dream’, a triploid grape. In order achieve purpose this study, gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) 100 ppm single use group set as control group. addition, fruit characteristics expressed when cytokinins such thidiazuron (TDZ) or forchlorfenuron (CPPU) 2.5 5.0 mixed with GA3 were compar...

Changes in anthocyanin and endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) contents the berry skins of Vitis labruscana × V. vinifera cultivars, ‘Aki Queen’, ‘Ruby Roman’ were investigated during fruit development period. Color Queen’ berries mainly occurred within 20 days post véraison, while that was prolonged for about 40 days. In both ABA level skin started to increase a few before véraison; however, accumu...

the present study examined the effect of packaging film on the quantitative and qualitative properties of button mushrooms. the three types of packaging tested were a clear polyvinyl chloride box, polyvinyl chloride stretch film and biaxially-oriented polypropylene film (bopp). the five types of moisture absorbers examined were silica gel (2.5 g, 1.25 g), sodium chloride (2.5 g, 1.25 g), and si...

In birds, carotenoid-based plumage coloration is more dependent on physical condition and foraging abilities and less constrained developmentally than is melanin-based coloration. Thus, female mate choice for honest signals should result in more intense sexual selection on carotenoidthan on melanin-based plumage coloration. Using variation in sexual dimorphism as an indirect measure of the inte...

Plumage coloration in birds serve multiple purposes, including species recognition, sexual selection cues, and camouflage. Differences in plumage coloration can be used to infer evolutionary relationships, identify distinct taxonomic units, and characterize geographic variation. With the advent of electronic devices to quantify plumage coloration quickly and reliably, taxonomic or geographic di...

BACKGROUND The study on phytochemical difference between red and black goji berry is limited. METHODS Antioxidant activities and phenolic profiles in terms of total phenol content, total flavonoid contents, condensed tannin content, monomeric anthocyanin content, and total carotenoid content of red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) and black goji berry (L. ruthenicum) were compared using colorimet...