The surface material at the Surveyor 5 site is granular and slightly cohesive. Spacecraft footpads plowed trenches in this material as the spacecraft slid during landing. For a compressible soil model, a static bearing capacity of 2.7 newtons/cm •' gave best agreement with the observations. Static firing of the vernier engines against the surface moved surface particles; a crater 20 cm in diame...

This study focuses on the numerical modelling of concentrated leak erosion of a cohesive soil by a turbulent flow in axisymmetrical geometry, with application to the Hole Erosion Test (HET). The numerical model is based on adaptive remeshing of the water/soil interface to ensure accurate description of the mechanical phenomena occurring near the soil/water interface. The erosion law governing t...

Cohesive-frictional soils are widely used in the construction of embankment structures and due to the method of construction, i.e. applying compactive efforts in the vertical direction in these cases, the occurrence of anisotropy in the soil strength and permeability seems to be inevitable. In this study, attempts have been made to evaluate the shear strength of c-f soils through modifying a l...

Injecting water into a coal seam to enhance the cohesive strength of coal and thus minimize and reduce the coal wall spalling risk must be considered in underground coal mining systems. In general, coal with low cohesive strength contains clay minerals which may affect the stability of coal by interacting with water. Therefore, the coupled effects of moisture content and inherent clay minerals ...