the field of cognitive psychology has increasingly provided scientific insights to explore how humans are subject to unconscious sources of evidentiary bias, leading to errors that can affect judgement and decision-making. increasingly these insights are being applied outside the realm of individual decision-making to the collective arena of policy-making as well. a recent editorial in this jou...

  One of the most important and destructive forms of child abuse is the physical abuse which can lead to the maladjustment among abused children; the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of trauma focused cognitive-behavioral therapy on reduction social and emotional maladjustment of physically abused children. Materials and Methods This study was a randomized controlled clinic...

Integrating a gradient-descent learning mechanism at the core of the graphical models upon which the Sigma cognitive architecture/system is built yields learning behaviors that span important forms of both procedural learning (e.g., action and reinforcement learning) and declarative learning (e.g., supervised and unsupervised concept formation), plus several additional forms of learning (e.g., ...

AIM This paper is a comparison of nursing's patterns of knowing with the systems identified by cognitive science, and evaluates claims about the equal-status relation between scientific and non-scientific knowledge. BACKGROUND Ever since Carper's seminal paper in 1978, it has been taken for granted in the nursing literature that there are ways of knowing, or patterns of knowing, that are not ...

To some, a tool for controlling cognitive inputs is anathema. The notion suggests control by exclusion of inputs – that is, ignoring relevant information and suppressing clinical judgment. The simplistic “cookbook medicine” of managed care and the more sophisticated “evidence-based medicine” of academia both involve these forms of control over cognitive inputs. What I advocate, however, is the ...

A distinction between potentially evolved, or biologically-primary forms of cognition, and the culturally-specific, or biologically-secondary forms of cognition that are built from primary systems is used to explore mathematical learning disability (MLD). Using this model, MLD could result from deficits in the brain and cognitive systems that support biologically-primary mathematical competenci...