A facile co-precipitation method for the synthesis of well-dispersed NdFeO3 nanocrystals is developed in the presence of octanoic acid as surfactant. Co-precipitation can produce fine, high-purity, stoichiometric particles of single and multicomponent metal oxides. The product is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microsc...

In this paper, we discuss co-operative product development across firm boundaries. Firstly, we discuss reasons why innovation may beneficially be co-ordinated among firms, and we provide some empirical evidence for the existence and significance of the phenomenon. Secondly, we discuss the relevance of co-operative innovation for the construction industry which, at present, is characterised by l...

A popular strategy currently employed for new product introductions is co-branding. Such a strategy allows a brand to innovate with the support of a partner brand. The present study investigates how consumers perceive a new product with two brands. Previous research focused on the logic of a brand combination by investigating the impact of the fit between both existing product categories (i.e.,...

Organizations now look beyond their boundaries to locate NPD resources among suppliers, lead users, customers, and consumers. Consumer involvement in an innovation process implies considerable changes traditional practice management. Consumers become partners co-creation, a form of open innovation, not mere objects study. However, what is little known how managers can innovate enable co-creatio...

We define a symmetric monodical pairing G ◦ H among simply connected co-H spaces G and H with the property that S(G◦H) is equivalent to the smash product G∧H as co-H spaces. We further generalize the Whitehead product map to a map G ◦ H → G ∨ H whose mapping cone is the cartesian product. Whitehead products have played an important role in unstable homotopy. They were originally introduced [Whi...

an alumina supported co/ni catalyst was prepared by sol-gel procedure to study the catalytic behavior during fischer-tropsch synthesis in a fixed-bed reactor. the effect of co conversion (10-50%) on hydrocarbon product distribution (ch4, c5+ and c2-c4 olefin selectivities) was studied. selectivity for ch4 decreased, while those of c5+ and olefin selectivities increased with increasing co conver...

This paper proposes several network construction methods for collections of scarce scientific literature data. We define scarcity as lacking in value and in volume. Instead of using the paper’s metadata to construct several kinds of scientific networks, we use the full texts of the articles and automatically extract the entities needed to construct the networks. Specifically, we present seven k...

This article presents data on health care spending for 30 OECD countries from OECD Health Data 2003, the latest edition of OECD's annual data collection on health systems across industrialized countries. OECD data show health care expenditures as a proportion of gross domestic product at an all-time high, due to both increased expenditures and overall economic slow-down. The article discusses s...