The recent Paris Agreement to limit greenhouse gas emissions, adopted by 195 nations at the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, signaled unprecedented commitment by world leaders to address the human social aspects of climate change. Indeed, climate change increasingly is recognized by scientists and policymakers as a social issue requiring social solutions. However, whereas psycholo...

Climate varies, both temporally and spatially, and the focus of the body of palaeoclimatic research has been to characterize and explain this variation. What has emerged is a view of climate as a multi-component system that varies across a range of temporal and spatial scales. Imbedded in these variations are some characteristic features such as trends, abrupt changes, periodicities, and the fo...

There is an increasing focus on the persuasive approach to develop a people-centric security climate where employees are aware of the priority of security and perform conscious security behaviour proactively. Employees can evaluate the priority of security as they observe and interact with the security features that constitute the security climate of the workplace. We examined the fundamental c...

The paper introduces the Tolerable Windows Approach (TWA) as a decision analytical framework for addressing global climate change. It is implemented as an integrated assessment model (IAM) developed in the project on Integrated Assessment of Climate Protection Strategies (ICLIPS). The background and the main objectives of the project are described and its relationships to other current integrat...

General circulation models (GCMs) of the global atmosphere are a key tool for climate research. They represent atmospheric dynamics, physics, and chemistry with mathematical equations, which are then solved on a threedimensional grid that spans the globe. Computer capabilities currently limit the grid resolutions in the global GCMs that are used to simulate Earth’s climate and make warming pred...

The paper presents a review of the current ability of the climate modelling community to produce predictions of future climate change. Predictions for the next few decades are reasonably robust, whereas predictions for later time periods depend on uncertainties in climate model structure and on the unknown future course of greenhouse gas emissions. Some regional features are noticeable; however...