We succeed in writing 2-dimensional conformally invariant nonlinear elliptic PDE (harmonic map equation, prescribed mean curvature equations...etc) in divergence form. This divergence free quantities generalize to target manifolds without symmetries the well known conservation laws for harmonic maps into homogeneous spaces. From this form we can recover, without the use of moving frame, all the...

An essential, but often ignored, technology that stands as the interface between the city and its public is the map. But how can a visual representation influence a user’s points of contact within, mental organization of and access to urban space? In this paper I present results from an ethnographic study demonstrating how a familiar subway map – the ‘Tube Map’ – structures the ways in which us...

This study focuses on identifying source and frequency of noise pollution in Yazd, Iran. For data collection, we used two approaches: First we selected 55 monitoring stations for 122 km grid network; the distance between two stations was 2 km. Then, at the same time, we measured the sound pressure level (SPL) at main roads; the distance between two monitoring stations in this case was 1 km. Aft...

We propose a novel approach for the temporal interpolation of city maps. The input to our algorithm is a sparse set of historical city maps plus optional additional knowledge about construction or destruction events. The output is a fast forward animation of the city map development where roads and buildings are constructed and destroyed over time in order to match the sparse historical facts a...

one of the complex documents in the real world is city maps. in these kinds of maps, text labels overlap by graphics with having a variety of fonts and styles in different orientations. usually, text and graphic colour is not predefined due to various map publishers. in most city maps, text and graphic lines form a single connected component. moreover, the common regions of text and graphic lin...

Current 3D city models are already available for many cities worldwide. However, the production of historical city models is still in its infancy. In this paper a procedure is presented that combines different data sources in order to derive individual 3D city models of different time periods using the example of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. A wooden model of the city from the year 1...

Smart cities link the city services, citizens, resource and infrastructures together and form the heart of the modern society. As a “smart” ecosystem, smart cities focus on sustainable growth, efficiency, productivity and environmentally friendly development. By comparing with the European Union, North America and other countries, smart cities in China are still in the preliminary stage. This s...

as a medium between people and the city, urbanscape makes a mental connection between individuals and their surroundings. it is usually difficult to conceive this mental relationship and its corresponding processes with usual methods. this study seeks to address the mental aspects of urbanscape and highlight its role and importance by using an innovative method. in this study, map-based methods...

objectives the aim of this study was to assess soils of khorramabad metropolis in order to establish the concentration of lead and develop a contamination factor map. materials and methods soil samples were collected from 25 different urban parks in khorramabad, iran. the mean pb contents in the urban topsoil samples were compared with mean concentrations for other cities around the world. a sp...

The primary objective of this research is to predict and analyze the future urban growth of Dhaka City using the Landsat satellite images of 1989, 1999 and 2009. Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) and its surrounding impact areas have been selected as the study area. At the beginning, a fisher supervised classification method has been applied to prepare the base maps with five land cover classes. In ...