The aphids, aphid parasitoids, and hyperparasitoids found in citrus orchards, the parasitoids' and hyperparasitoids' seasonal abundance, and the plant-aphid-parasitoid relationships in Hatay, Osmaniye, Adana, and Mersin provinces of the east Mediterranean region of Turkey are presented in the present 2-yr study. Aphidius colemani Viereck, Binodoxys angelicae (Haliday), and Lysiphlebus confusus ...

Most citrus and avocado water-use studies have been conducted in inland orchards; however, orchards located in coastal areas are subject to cooler temperatures and foggier atmospheric conditions. To develop coastal area crop coefficients (Kc values) for irrigation management, we measured orchard consumptive water use (ETc) from two different commercial orchards located near Ventura. In addition...

objective: importance of management of gardens weeds is an issue that unfortunately has less been investigated by weeds researchers of country. one of the most important restrictive agents of cultivated surface and producing crops of citrus orchards are weeds. methods: to achieve this purpose, a research was performed in plot of valencia orange trees of citrus fruits of dezful in 2013. this pro...

Interactions between wild flora, crops, aphids (Hemiptera, Aphididae) and their natural enemies in citrus orchards

Two plant-inhabiting species of Mediolata were collected in the Iberian Peninsula during biodiversity assessments between 2000–2002. Mediolata roigi, sp. nov. and M. chanti Gonzalez were collected in Spain and Portugal respectively. The studies were conducted in citrus orchards in Portugal and apple orchards and vineyards in Spain. Because of some incorrect data in the original description of M...

Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is one of the most important bacterial diseases of citrus. Because citrus canker is not found in many countries including European Union and Australia, Xcc is strictly regulated in order to prevent its spread. In this study, the effects of X-irradiation on Xcc growth either in the suspension or on the surface of citrus fruits were inv...

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a major pathogen affecting citrus trees worldwide. However, few studies have focused on CTV's evolutionary history and geographic behavior. CTV is locally dispersed by an aphid vector and long distance dispersion due to transportation of contaminated material. With the aim to delve deeper into the CTV-NC (New Clade) genotype evolution, we estimated an evolution ra...

Three grapefruit orchards on sour orange rootstock were treated by metering DBCP (l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane) at 56 kg(a.i.)/ha into 15 cm of water in a flood irrigation system. In orchards with 43-49% clay in the surface foot, DBCP reduced numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans below control levels for 1.5-2.0 years. In the 3 orchards, DBCP treatment resulted in increases in yield or fruit size...

Taylor's Power Law was fit to Tylenchulus semipenetrans population data obtained from individual trees in a survey of 50 Florida citrus orchards (geographic survey) and to data from individual trees within a single orchard collected at regular intervals for 2 years (temporal survey). No significant differences were detected between slope or intercept values when log variance was regressed again...

The abundance and spatial dispersion of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) were studied in 34 grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad.) and six sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] orchards from March to August 2006 when the pest is more abundant in southern Texas. Although flush shoot infestation levels did not vary with host plant species, densities of D. citri eggs, nymphs, an...