Processed antigen reacts selectively with lymphocytes bearing .appropriate surface immunoglobulin molecules resulting in the clonal proliferation of these cells, produc­ing circulating immunoglobulin (humoral immunity) or non-circulating immunoglobulins (cellular immunity).  High levels of circulating immunoglobulins (lgM & lgG) occur in protozoa and helminths infections. Reaginic antibodies a...

Day 9 mouse embryos were cultured in 50% fetal calf serum and 50% Waymouth's medium supplemented with various amounts of insulin. Unmodified medium contained approximately 25% of the normal adult mouse blood insulin. The addition of 0.1 to 1.0 microgram insulin/ml to Waymouth's medium was most beneficial to in vitro development. There was a statistically significant increase in protein synthesi...

in mammals, phosphocalcic and bone metabolisms are mainly regulated by parathyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (pthrp) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin d or calcitriol. in camels, circulating levels of calcitriol are 10 times higher than those determined in other ruminants and further increase during early lactation. calcitriol and parathyroid-related peptide stimulate intestinal abs...

In the medium voltage direct current (MVDC) transmission system, a small number of MMC sub modules will reduce power quality. this paper, based on research background Photovoltaic Medium Voltage Direct Current (PV-MVDC) Hybrid Modulation Strategy Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame (DDSRF) control strategy is proposed. The dual arm complementary hybrid modulation combining nearest-leve...

To the Editor: Almost every report on circulating DNA identifies apoptosis or necrosis or both as the main source of free circulating DNA in serum and plasma. A hallmark of apoptosis is DNA degradation, in which chromo-somal DNA is 1st cleaved into large fragments (50 –300 kb) and subsequently into multiples of nucleoso-mal units (180 –200 bp) (1). This ladder pattern is also visible after elec...

With the development of flywheel technology, speed and voltage level continue to increase. The Z-type self-balancing modular multilevel converter can have a wide frequency range at medium is suitable for driving application. However, current characteristics variable drive still affect capacitor balance in each phase-leg. new be achieved by controlling circulating current. This paper proposed co...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) and neuromyelitis optica (nmo) are inflammatory and demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (cns). nk cells are supposed to play an important role in the pathophysiology of ms, but their role in the nmo remains unknown. the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of different subpopulations of nk cells in the patients with ms and nmo and ...