This paper presents a three-dimensional numerical and experimental geometric optimization study to maximize the total heat transfer rate between a bundle of finned tubes in a given volume and external flow, for staggered arrangements of circular and elliptic tubes. Experimental results were obtained for circular and elliptic configurations with twelve tubes, starting with an equilateral triangl...

structural analysis of remotely sensed data provides a method of assessing the structural significance of large-magnitude regional metallogenesis in the kerman porphyry cu belt in the southern part of the central iranian volcanic belt. the role of large-magnitude ring structures in the distribution of hydrothermal alteration zones and porphyry copper deposits in the southern part of the kerman ...

The objective of this study was to determine whether the tubes in which Chironomus larvae dwell protect them against chemical toxicants. A laboratory culture of an Israeli benthic midge, Chironomus luridus, was exposed to copper sulfate. Two conditions were tested in bioassay experiments: larvae within silt tubes and larvae without tubes. The non toxic, anionic, fluorescent dye, fluorescein, wa...

In this study, the concrete-steel bond strength of concrete filled cylindrical steel tubes has been experimentally investigated. 22 short, high strength and normal concrete filled circular steel tubes were tested. Push-out test was carried out as the common method to evaluate the bond carrying capacity. Four different concrete mixes were used in preparing the specimens. The steel tubes were w...

The axial crushing of thin-walled tubes has been the subject of extensive research in the past. The existing kinematic models for predicting crushing behavior of axially loaded thin-walled tubes are systematically reviewed and analyzed. The advantages and limitations of each model are discussed. A new chain link model for circular tubes and square tubes is presented and studied in detail. Unlik...

In this paper, considering symmetric collapse mode for hybrid tubes, and using Tsai-Hill fracture criterion to take into account the off-axis strength of an orthotropic lamina, an analytical model is extended and an expression is derived for mean crushing load and fold lengths of circular hybrid tubes. In this model, the influences of the geometrical dimensions including diameter, thickness of ...