Regardless of whether it is acute or chronic, the assessment of pain should be simple and practical. Since the intensity of pain is thought to be one of the primary factors that determine its effect on a human's overall function and sense, there are many scales to assess pain. The aim of the current article was to review pain intensity scales that are commonly used in dental and oral and maxill...

Observational (behavioral) scales of pain for children aged 3 to 18 years were systematically reviewed to identify those recommended as outcome measures in clinical trials. This review was commissioned by the Pediatric Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (www.immpact.org). In an extensive literature search, 20 observational pain scales were identified for ...

Objective: Headache is one of the common complaints of referral patients. The prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with headache is significant. The previous researches suggested the role of self-efficacy of pain in modifying psychological symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. The current study aimed at investigating the role of self-efficacy beliefs of pain in psych...

conclusions this study indicated that the modified version of the adult nvps in step with the vrs is a useful tool for pain intensity assessment in the ed. results the average age of the participants was 35.2 years, and the extremities were the most common painful area (66.2%). the mean vrs and nvrs pain intensity ratings upon arrival were 6.16 (± 2.63) and 3.06 (± 2.17), respectively. the esti...

objective: chronic pain is a common medical illnesses . purpose of this study is investigating the effectiveness of combination of cognitive behavior therapy and cognitive emotion regulation strategies on mindfulness, resiliency and quality of life in patients with chronic pain in tehran.   methods: 2 patients with chronic pain were selected through convenience sampling and answered to these qu...

patients and methods we conducted an observational prospective study in adults proposed to various types of surgery using the brief pain inventory short form preoperatively (t0), one day after surgery, and three months later (t3). if the patient had pain at t3 and other causes of pain were excluded, they were considered to have ppp, and the mcgill pain questionnaire short form was applied. qol ...

conclusions about one-third of the patients referring to the pain clinic had subacute pain. the patients with chronic pain were older and more obese, had a higher prevalence of addiction, had more cases of knee pain, and reported more instances of obscure and persistent pain than those with subacute pain. objectives the aim of the present study was to assess and compare the sociodemographic cha...

Self-report plays a primary but not exclusive role in pain assessment. As is true of all self-reported experiences, under certain circumstances, the report of chronic pain can be distorted and misrepresented. There are unique challenges associated with the detection and assessment of malingering or self-report distortion in the evaluation of chronic pain. The current paper provides a rationale ...

UNLABELLED Valid and reliable assessment of pain is essential for both clinical trials and effective pain management. The nature of pain makes objective measurement impossible. Acute pain can be reliably assessed, both at rest (important for comfort) and during movement (important for function and risk of postoperative complications), with one-dimensional tools such as numeric rating scales or ...