background: division of human genetics (dhg) is a referral center for karyotyping and counseling to the couples as well as to the individuals referred with bad obstetric history and infertility. materials and methods: from 1972 to 2003, overall 1666 couples and 131 female partners with bad obstetric history (boh) such as; spontaneous abortions, live births with congenital malformations and stil...

Recently, multiple lines of evidences have shown that non-B DNA structures within the human genes may lead to chromosomal translocations, deletions and amplifications in cancer and other human diseases. In this review, we summarize the current literature on non-B DNA structures, and discuss their role in genomic instability and diseases.

Five cases of chromosome imbalance resulting from 3:1 disjunction of reciprocal translocations are described. A review of the literature suggests this phenomenon is more common than has previously been recognized.