background: the emergence and spread of chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum in the world stimulated some investigators to consider different aspects of chloroquine resistance in human and rodent plasmodia . using animal plasmo­dia , particularly primate and rodent plasmodia can be useful model for human plasmodia studies. in this study we have tried to consider and compare the sequence ...

OBJECTIVES Herpes zoster has been widely described in the context of different systemic autoimmune diseases but not dermatomyositis/polymyositis. Therefore, we analyzed the prevalence, risk factors and herpes zoster outcomes in this population. METHOD A retrospective cohort study of herpes zoster infections in dermatomyositis/polymyositis patients was performed. The patients were followed at ...

In this study, the plants of maize (Zea mays L.cv.ksc700) were grown in Hoagland solution containing 1, 3 and 5 mM KH2PO4 or K2HPO4 under controlled conditions. At similar levels of mono and diphosphate, plants supplied with monophosphate have produced higher content of dry matter and characterized with higher total chlorophyll content and longer and well proliferated root system than those tre...

OBJECTIVE To analyze cytokine gene expression in keratinocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). INTRODUCTION Keratinocytes represent 95% of epidermal cells and can secrete several cytokines. METHODS Keratinocytes were obtained by laser microdissection from 21 patients with SLE (10 discoid and 11 acute lesions) at involved and uninvolved sites. All patients were receivi...

Based on our original concept, a fibroblast-inhibiting agent, chloroquine, was used against various animal tumors. Among transplanted animal tumors, the drug was most effective on relatively connective tissue-rich Bashford and Brown-Pearce tumors, as reflected by prolongation of life span, inhibition of tumor growth, inhibition of lowering of liver catalase activity, improvement of iron metabol...

anti malaria agents including chloroquine and hydroxichloroquine are commonly used for rheumatic diseases e.g. systemic erythematous lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. one of the most important systemic side effects of these agents is ocular side effects (chloroquine toxicity retinopathy). regarding to importance of early detection of this toxicity, the patients who take these drugs should be evalu...

The population at risk of developing malaria in the Asian region is 1.4 billion people. Nine countries are high where highest proportion achieved by India 89%, Myanmar 2% and Indonesia 7%. Inhibition heme polymerization an initial screening test for antimalarial activity. Bidara leaves (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) were selected based on content secondary metabolites containing alkaloids. Plant comp...

Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium knowlesi are the parasites that infect humans. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cause most of the malarial infections worldwide. Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium knowlesi are susceptible to chloroquine. Chloroquine was the world's most widely used antim...

penfluridol, a neuroleptic drug, considerably reversed halofantrine resistance in t9.96hf halofantrine resistant strain of plasmodium falicparum (originally chloroquine sensitive parasites), but not in k1hf halofantrine resistant strain (originally chloroquine resistant parasites)