abstract foreign and iranian cultures are far distinct in the constraints imposed on writing and translating for children, since the iranian literary system is mainly concerned with cultural and religious instructions which lead to manipulation of translated texts. this study sought to identify the cultural and social constraints and norms which determined the strategies applied in the transl...

  Objectives : the present study was designed to investigate children's motor skills and their neurological functions. Since children's primary behavioral response is of the motor type, and since motor skills start with reflexive activities and become more complex as the central nervous system develops and gradually relate to higher neurological centers, an investigation of children's motor dev...

Introduction: The prevalence of sleep disorders is different in international studies. Sleep disorders with the increasing prevalence among children is common. Cognitive problems are the most serious complication of sleep disorders in children. The present study, the prevalence of sleep problems and neuropsychological learning disabilities were evaluated on pre-school children (4-6 years old) i...

Conduct disorder is a general psychiatric classification encompassing a variety of behavior patterns in which the individual repetitively and persistently violates the rights, privilages and privacy of others, for these children and adolescents, the authority figures like parents and teachers are assumed as intervening and punishing individuals, Some of these patients are diagnosed as having at...

Background: Today, the prevalence of learning disabilities is increasing among students. These disorders are categorized in three categories: reading disorder, mathematics disorder, impairment is written on academic performance that affect on educational and social performance of children. Students play an important role as human resources, then, achieving useful strategies are necessary. The a...

this exploratory study aimed to investigate a possible relationship between learners’ beliefs about language learning and one of their personality traits; that is,locus of control (loc). both variables, beliefs and locus of control, are assumed to influence the language learning process. the internal control index (ici) and the beliefs about language learning inventory (balli) were administered...

abstract the present study investigated the effects of task types and involvement load hypothesis on incidental learning of 10 target words (tws) in junior high schools (jhss) in givi, ardabil. the tasks deployed in this study were two input-based tasks (reading plus dictionary use with an involvement index of 3, and reading plus gap-fill task with an involvement index of 2), and one output-ba...

Background: The aim of this study is the comparison between Hypochondriasis, social anxiety and cognitive avoidance among mothers of students with and without learning disability. Method: This study is causal - comparative. The population consisted of all mothers with children 9 to 14 years old with and without learning disability in 2013, in Ardabil city. The research sample consisted of 80...

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the motor skills and the body balance in children with special disorders (Intellectual disability (ID), autism and learning disorder (LD)) with normally children (NC). Materials & Methods: The present study was a descriptive-comparative (cross- sectional) research, about 120 children including 30 NC, 30 children LD, 30 children with autism and 3...

a professional is someone whose work involves performing a certain function with some degree of expertise. but a narrower definition limits the term to apply to people such as teachers and doctors, whose expertise involves not only skill and knowledge but also the exercise of highly sophisticated judgment, and whose accreditation necessitates extensive study, often university-based as well as p...