Fifty one infants and older children with suspected gastro-oesophageal reflux entered a study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of a standard barium swallow examination with that of ultrasound scanning. All children were examined by both techniques. In 40 cases there was unequivocal agreement between the examinations. Of the remaining patients, four had definite reflux by ultrasonic criteria bu...

The use of ultrasound guidance has provided an opportunity to perform many peripheral nerve blocks that would have been difficult to perform in children based on pure landmark techniques due to the potential for injection into contiguous sensitive vascular areas. This review article provides the readers with techniques on ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks of the extremities and trunk wi...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after the neonatal period. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Child health care centres. PARTICIPANTS Infants attending the child health care centres. INTERVENTIONS The intervention group (n = 5170) was screened by ultrasound at 1, 2, and 3 months of age. The control group...

AIMS To compare, using a decision model, performance, treatment pathways and effects of different newborn screening strategies for developmental hip dysplasia with no screening. METHODS Detection rate, radiological absence of subluxation at skeletal maturity and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, as favourable and unfavourable treatment outcomes respectively, were compared for the follow...

OBJECTIVES Intravenous (IV) access in children treated in the emergency department (ED) is frequently required and often difficult to obtain. While it has been shown that ultrasound can be useful in adults for both central and peripheral venous access, research regarding children has been limited. We sought to determine if the use of a static ultrasound technique could, a) allow clinicians to v...

BACKGROUND The aim of this article is to describe the technique used to perform ultrasound guided steroid joint injections in children in a group of joints that can be injected using ultrasound as the only image guidance modality. FINDINGS The technique is described and didactic figures are provided to illustrate key technical concepts. CONCLUSION It is very important to be familiar with th...

aim : to create an orthotopic hepatoma model with local metastasis monitored with ultrasound could be created as a platform for testing new treatments.   background : hepatoma accounts for 25% of liver tumors in children with poor overall survival. intraabdominal metastasis are present in 35% of patients at time of diagnosis.  we hypothesized that an orthotopic tumor model with local metastasis...

BACKGROUND The ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block is a popular regional anaesthetic technique for children undergoing inguinal surgery. The success rate is only 70-80% and complications may occur. A prospective randomized double-blinded study was designed to compare the use of ultrasonography with the conventional ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve block technique. METHODS One hundred c...

Background Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the most common causes of extrahepatic portal hypertension in children, which may follow neonatal umbilical vein catheterization. The incidence rates of catheter-related PVT, in infants and children vary in different studies. This study aimed to determine PVT incidence in the children under 3 years old with a history of neonatal umbilical vein c...