A survey of motor vehicle child restraint use found around 28% of children under the age of six using weight-inappropriate restraints. Many parents did not know when a child was likely to outgrow a booster seat nor the weight of their child, but they did know the child's age. Anthropometric data show that, if advice on restraint transition, given solely in terms of age (6 months, 4 years, 8 yea...

Child restraint system misuse is a global public health issue leading to increased risk of injury and death in motor vehicle crashes. Although some interventions are effective at reducing misuse, they are prohibitively costly to adopt at a population-level. We aim to develop a novel, consumer-driven intervention to counter misuse embedded in product information supplied with child restraints. I...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of child safety restraint use and factors associated. METHODS Observational cross-sectional study using a stratified sampling conducted in the city of Maringá, Southern Brazil, between March and May 2007. Each day care center was visited at one day only. The outcome was use of child safety restraints by children under four. Vehicles (N=301) driving childre...

OBJECTIVE Observed racial disparities in child safety seat use have not accounted for socioeconomic factors. We hypothesized that racial differences in age-appropriate restraint use would be modified by socioeconomic status and child passenger safety information sources. METHODS A 2-site, cross-sectional tablet-based survey of parents seeking emergency care for their 1- to 12-year-old child w...

Based on real-world crash data and recent field studies, an ad-hoc group was set up in order to have a better comprehension of the effects of misuse of Child Restraint Systems (CRS) on child protection. A testing programme of 60 single misuse situations was conducted. Test results confirmed that, in frontal impact, children have higher risk of being injured on a number of different body regions...

Road Traffic Law Article 17-3-4 of April 2000 specifies the compulsory requirement for child safety seats in Japan. The objectives of this preliminary evaluation were to measure the effectiveness, benefits and usage of safety seats for child passengers aged 0-5 years by analyzing the child casualty data for the period of 1991-2002. Two statistical methods were used to quantify time trends (inte...

The presentation will focus on the key areas that are essential to build a comprehensive policy towards reducing child injury and fatalities. The presentation will focus on the importance of the public awareness (education on the use of child restraint systems), the need to have an overall road safety programme, law enforcement (mandatory use of protection systems for children in car) and final...

STUDY OBJECTIVE We examined the association between driver restraint use and child emergency department (ED) evaluation following a motor vehicle crash (MVC). METHODS This cohort study included child passengers aged 0-12 years riding with an adult driver aged 21 years or older involved in a MVC in Utah from 1999 to 2004. The 6 years of Utah MVC records were probabilistically linked to statewi...

The present research investigated the notion that passionate restraint or "manly emotion" is a relevant emotion norm not only for men but also for women in modern Western society (MacArthur & Shields, 2015). For this, 2 studies were conducted to assess whether restraint in emotional reactivity is perceived as a sign of both emotional and general competence. Restraint was induced by delaying the...

OBJECTIVE This study explores the similarities between individual and group eating and weight concerns in 8-11-year-old children. It also evaluates whether child anxiety moderates the relationships between individual and group eating and weight concerns. METHODS One hundred and fifty four children aged 8-11 completed questionnaires concerning their friendship groups, their eating and weight c...