the main challenge for any insurer/reinsurer has proved to be underwriting major refinery/petrochemical risk. insurers have already considered process risk management measures while accepting and evaluating the risks all over the world. erstwhile petrochemical tariff was adopting experiencing methodology as basis for premium calculation in iran. in the present de-tariff scenario decisions will ...

Quantitative assessment is the most important means to identify hazard potential and manage risk for an industrial process. The implement of quantitative assessment in the early stage will help to develop inherently safer process, eliminating the hazard and reduce the possibility of accidental chain events and the magnitude of consequences. In this paper, after reviewing the presently available...

The main objective of the European network S2S, “A gateway for plant and process safety” is to promote safety and research on safety in chemical and related industries. From its very beginning, the idea of S2S was to seize the experience of the involved institutions in benefit of the SME’s and – as a consequence – in benefit of the worldwide community. All experts are aware that safety knowledg...

background: antioxidant activities of plant extracts are being studied to increase the shelf life of fish products. some plants such as urtica dioica l. (nettle) can be a good source of antioxidants. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic and water extracts of nettle leaf on the chemical properties of superchilled minced meat of the common kilka fish (clupeone...

Some of the most destructive accidents of 1980s and 90s which occurred in process industries were domino accidents. Although domino accidents are among the most destructive industrial accidents, there are not much pioneering works done on quantification of them. The analytical formulation of the domino accidents is usually complex and need a deep knowledge of probability rules. Even if the ...

This paper presents a process for the stepwise refinement of safety code assertions from identified system hazards. The code assertions are intended for use in system safety verification. The development of the safety code assertions increases the feasibility of using code verification tools such as SPARK Examiner in the safety verification of large software-intensive systems. The process is de...

construction industry is the second most contributor of gross domestic product and the high rates of accidents /fatalities have tarnished the image of construction industry in india. the importance of safety at site cannot be underscored and it needs the combined attention of all stakeholders to address the issue of safety in construction industry in india. although the construction industry pl...

safety analysis of the roads through the accident rates which is one of the widely used tools has been resulted from the direct exposure method which is based on the ratio of the vehicle-kilometers traveled and vehicle-travel time. however, due to some fundamental flaws in its theories and difficulties in gaining access to the data required such as traffic volume, distance and duration of the t...