BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common causes of endocrine disorders and main reasons for infertility due to unovulation and recurrent abortions. There is no consensus on effect of serum progesterone level on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection. This study aims to evaluate the effect of plasma levels of progesterone on the day of hCG injectio...

background post-term pregnancy is an important factor in perinatal mortality and morbidity. generally, to reduce perinatal mortality in pregnancy, the delivery is done before adverse perinatal morbidity occurs. to prevent prolonged pregnancy, labor is induced with chemical drugs and complementary therapies. due to the side effects and contraindications of chemical medicine, the use of herbs has...

Objective: Since some cytokines such as IL1 and TNFα are factors involved in endometrial receptivity ,we have determined the amount of these two factors in endometrial secretion in the eligible individuals and then, study their relationship with the success or failure of pregnancy in IVF/ICSI cycles. Methods & Materials: In this non-randomized descriptive study, 76 women selected for their firs...

BACKGROUND Meta-analysis revealed that embryo placement 20 mm from the fundal endometrial surface resulted in higher pregnancy rate, ongoing pregnancy rate, and live birth rate compared with placement 10 mm from the fundal endometrial surface. Pregnancy and implantation rates according to relative position were higher when the catheter tip was positioned close to the middle of the endometrial c...

The liver is one of many organs affected by the physiological changes occurring during gestation. Hepatic excretion of bilirubins may be impaired in the second half of normal pregnancy. However, the liver tests are usually normal. Abnormal liver tests can be found in about 10% of pregnancies. Severe liver disease complicates pregnancy in only 0.1% of the cases. Among the serious liver enzyme ab...

background: gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) plays essential roles in embryo implantation, invasion of trophoblastic tissue, and steroid synthesis in the placenta. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gnrh antagonist administration on pregnancy outcomes in early implantation period. materials and methods: in this retrospective study, 94 infertile women undergoing ...

OBJECTIVE To provide a teratology update for prescription and non-prescription drugs and infections during pregnancy. OPTIONS Limited to teratology principles and possible common exposures during pregnancy. EVIDENCE A search of Medline and textbooks was conducted for information published to June 2006 on teratology exposure risks. This document represents an abstraction of the information. ...