Triple-quantum-filtered (TQF) Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) without chemical shift reagent is used to investigate Na derangement in isolated crystalloid perfused rat hearts during St. Thomas cardioplegic (CP) arrest. The extracellular Na contribution to the NMR TQF signal of a rat heart is found to be 73 +/- 5%, as determined by wash-out experiments at different moments of ischemia and re...

Background: myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury may occur in a variety of clinical set tings and this remains a significant problem. Oxygen free radi cals, produced on reperfusion have been shown to play a major role in myocardial I/R injury. Various therapeutic effects have been described for Crataegus. Additionally, it has been presented that Crataegus has protective effect against i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In a previous investigation concerning the hemodynamic and metabolic changes over time displayed by sequential positron emission tomography (PET) in a middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion/reperfusion primate model, a metabolic threshold for irreversible ischemia could be identified (reduction of metabolic rate of oxygen [CMRO(2)] to approximately 60% of the contralatera...

References 313 In Chap. 13 we described the sequelae of disturbances of the pure primary insults of hypoxia, ischemia, and hypoglycemia. Under common pathologic conditions, a combination of different types of metabolic disturbances regularly occurs. The clinical and morphological features, therefore, may partly overlap. This overlapping of processes is especially important in surviving victims,...

PURPOSE To investigate whether nitric oxide (NO) and/or cGMP protects the retina from chemical ischemia and underlie somatostatin's neuroprotective effects. METHODS Eyecups of female Sprague-Dawley rats were incubated with PBS or the chemical ischemia mixture [iodoacetic acid (5 mM)/sodium cyanate (25 mM)] in the absence or presence of (1) arginine (0.05-2.0 mM), the substrate of nitric oxide...

Background: Chronic sleep deprivation through activation of sympathetic nervous system leads to destructive effect on different body organs. We assessed the effect of chronic sleep deprivation on incidence of ischemia/reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation) and the role of the sympathetic nervous system in this respect. Materials and Me...

background: oligodendrocytes, the myelinating glial cells of central nervous system, are highly vulnerable to ischemic‑induced excitotoxic insult, a phenomenon in which calcium overload triggers cell death. berberine is an alkaloid extracted from medicinal herbs as coptidis rhizoma with several pharmacological effects like inhibition of neuronal apoptosis in cerebral ischemia. methods: we exami...

ischemia-reperfusion injury is the tissue damage happened when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or shortage of oxygen. this brain injury initiates an inflammatory response involving the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines. the aim of this study is investigating the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of  cyperus rotundus l. on the expression of the bcl-x1 an...

organ damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues is defined as ischemia/reperfusion injury. the pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury involves cellular effect of ischemia, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cascade. protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury may be achieved by preconditioning or postconditioning. in this review, we discuss basic mechanisms...

ischemia-reperfusion injury is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen. ischemia-reperfusion brain injury initiates an inflammatory response involving the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines. twenty–four male wistar rats (250-300 g body wt) were used in this study. the animals were divided into four groups of 6 rat...