To the Editor: Van Loo et al. described the presence of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type III in some methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus sequence type (ST) 398 isolates related to pig farming (1). SCCmec types are based on the allotype of ccr genes and the mec gene complex. Class A mec has intact mecI/R regulator genes. Type III SCCmec has type 3 ccr genes and class ...

We investigate finite-rank intersection type systems, analyzing the complexity of their type inference problems and their relation to the problem of recognizing semantically equivalent terms. Intersection types allow something of type τ1 ∧ τ2 to be used in some places at type τ1 and in other places at type τ2. A finite-rank intersection type system bounds how deeply the ∧ can appear in type exp...

BACKGROUND Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are opportunistic pathogens. Methicillin resistance is common in CoNS and may play an important role as reservoir of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) for Staphylococcus aureus. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine molecular characteristics of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci ...

the last two decades have seen a massive growth in the application of dna technology in histocompatibility and immunogenetics. this review summarises the history and application of dna methods in this area.

Downloa creatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal disease with complex etiology involving both environmental netic factors. Although cigarette smoking is known to explain 25% of cases, data from recent studies sugat obesity and long-term type II diabetes are twomajor modifiable risk factors for PC. Furthermore, obed diabetes seem to affect the clinical outcome of patients with PC. Understanding th...

We examined the potential involvement of two CC chemokine receptors (CCRs), CCR-1 and CCR-3, in the functional activation of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin-4 (IL-4)-generated human peripheral blood monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (DCs). Flow cytometric analysis showed that CCR-1, CCR-3, CCR-5, and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)-4 were express...

The growth-inhibitory effect of cyclocreatine (CCr) and the kinetics of CCr and Na+ cotransport were investigated in MCF7 human breast cancer cells and its adriamycin-resistant subline with use of 31P- and23Na-NMR spectroscopy. The growth-inhibitory effect in the resistant line occurred at a lower CCr concentration and was more pronounced than in the wild-type line. This correlated with an ∼10-...