When people monitor a visual stream of rapidly presented stimuli for two targets (T1 and T2), they often miss T2 if it falls into a time window of about half a second after T1 onset--the attentional blink. However, if T2 immediately follows T1, performance is often reported being as good as that at long lags--the so-called Lag-1 sparing effect. Two experiments investigated the mechanisms underl...

protective action of ficus carica leaf ethanolic extract (obtained by maceration) was evaluated in an animal model of hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (ccl4). male albino mice were divided into six groups. group i was normal control group; group ii received olive oil (ccl4 solvent), groups iii-vi received ccl4. after inducing hepatic damage, group iii served as control for ccl4; a...

this study was conducted to investigate the effects of artichoke powder on performance and immune function of japanese quails poisoned with carbon tetrachloride (ccl4). one hundred meat type (1-d-old) quails were assigned randomly to 4 treatment groups (n=25). treatment groups included with the study were: 1) control group (without artichoke supplementation or ccl4 administration, 2) group with...

Changes of lipoprotein secretion and composition in response to CCl4 treatment were studied in monolayer cultures of rat primary hepatocytes. (1) CCl4 decreased secretion of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) by about 85%, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) secretion was less affected (about 40%). The effect was concentration-dependent. (2) CCl4 significantly inhibited secretion of VLDL- an...

Administration of CCl4 to normal rats and consequent oral feeding with ellagic acid (50 mg/kg) provided a significant protection against the biochemical alterations in serum and liver produced by CCl4. In vitro experiments showed that liver microsomes from animals treated with ellagic acid and CCl4, decreased lipid peroxidation compared to microsome prepared from rats exposed to CCl4 alone.

The present paper examines the susceptibility to chlordecone (Kepone, CD) and carbon tetrachloride across different ages (35, 45, and 63-days-old) in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats using different lengths of time on a CD diet (10 ppm). The principal findings are that the hepatotoxicity and mortality associated with CD-CCl4 interaction is highly age-dependent for both sexes. There was marke...

A potentiation of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was observed in rats pretreated with ethanol 18 hr prior to CCl4 exposure. Hepatic microsomal aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was significantly inhibited in animals sacrificed 1 hr following the sequential exposure, however, no more so than in those animals receiving CCl4 alone. The animals receiving ethanol alone had ALDH activity similar to vehicle ...

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of aminoguanidine (AG) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. Treatment of mice with CCl4 (20 microl/kg, i.p.) resulted in damage to centrilobular regions of the liver, increase in serum aminotransferase and rise in lipid peroxides level 24 hours after CCl4 administration. Pretreatment of mice with AG (50 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 mi...

in order to investigate the effects of peppermint (mentha piperita l.) alcoholic extract on liver injury caused by the oxidant carbon tetrachloride (ccl4), an experiment was performed as a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2) with 4 replications of 10 broilers each. factors included two levels of peppermint leaf alcoholic extract (0 and 2 ml/kg body weight) and ccl4 (...

In this study, we construct a nonadditive polarizable model potential to describe the intermolecular interactions between carbon tetrachloride, CCl4 , based on classical molecular dynamics techniques. The potential parameters are refined to accurately describe the experimental thermodynamic and structural properties of liquid CCl4 at 298 K. We then carried out additional liquid CCl4 simulations...