The casing damage wells in non oil layers are mainly distributed the N2 and SI-SII shale interlayer, types deformation dislocation. main reason is that injected water enters into shale, cementing quality poor, it easy to form an invasion area after invading along channeling channel, which reduces stability of formation. Under effect geostress, force generated by formation sliding weak surface d...

The damage of seeds in grain augers has been divided into shearing and jamming, occurring at the inlet and the casing wall, respectively. The shearing was strongly reduced by a displacement body attached to the screw blade. Measures for the reduction of jamming, partly based on a theoretical approximation, have been summarized. A number of experiments, performed for verification, agreed with th...

According to the technology requirements of measurement for animal casing, in this paper, we use PLC and touch screen as the control core, the electromechanical integration design ideas to research the methods and principles for casing measure, and analyze the mechanical structures and mechanical characteristics of casing machine. As the control core, the programmable logic controller (PLC) ens...

The virtual-casing principle is used in plasma physics to convert a Biot–Savart integration over a current distribution into a surface integral over a surface that encloses the current. In many circumstances, use of virtual casing can significantly speed up the computation of magnetic fields. In this paper, a virtual-casing principle is derived for a general vector field with arbitrary divergen...

Casing coupling location signals provided by the magnetic localizer in retractors are typically used to ascertain the position of casing couplings in horizontal wells. However, the casing coupling location signal is usually submerged in noise, which will result in the failure of casing coupling detection under the harsh logging environment conditions. The limitation of Shannon wavelet time entr...

Despite evaluation of large number of agroindustrial wastes for their use as casing material for Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach cultivation, scant attention has been given to the importance of biological properties of casing materials. In the present study, an attempt was made to characterize the bacterial flora in casing layer, namely, Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and Spent Mushroom Substrate/spen...

Dry bubble disease is a major problem in the commercial cultivation of the white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus and is caused by the ascomycete Lecanicillium fungicola. In the casing layer, germination of L. fungicola spores is inhibited by the microflora, a phenomenon known as fungistasis. Fungistasis is annulled when the casing is colonized by A. bisporus hyphae. We demonstrated that addit...

During the flood development in an oil field, the creep characteristic of mudstone is one of the important factors causing casing damage. In this study, based on the theory of fractional order differential and taking into account the creep damage evolution rules, a fractional nonlinear creep-damage model is proposed to reflect the instantaneous deformation in loading processes and the accelerat...