We consider rate-independent models of static and quasistatic plasticity with hardening. These models are usually stated in terms of variational inequalities of the first or second kind, for the primal and dual formulations, respectively. In the static case, the dual variational inequality can be interpreted as the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for an underlying optimization pr...

Defenders concerned about protecting multiple targets can either protect them individually (through target hardening), or collectively (through overarching protections such as border security, public health, emergency response, or intelligence). Decision makers may find it relatively straightforward to choose which targets to harden, but are likely to find it more difficult to compare seemingly...

A 38 year old male patient presented to a radiology center for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the working maxillofacial radiologist spotted a very peculiar finding There was a large piece of metal in the mandible (size 0.5 cm X 0.5 cm). Here in we have provided a commentary on CBCT artifacts seen in this case along with a short explanation on the source of metal. Based on our observat...

In late-age silicon, soft errors become an issue even for low-margin products. Since classical hardening techniques are associated with costs which may not be acceptable for such ICs, selective hardening which targets only a subset of all possible soft errors has been suggested. We propose a soft error selection method based on severity of an error’s impact on system behavior. Some soft errors ...

It is well known that size effects are present in plasticity with the observation that smaller being the stronger. This effect is attributed to the presence of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). The hardening associated to GNDs can be separated in two groups: energetic and dissipative. The fi rst is associated with defect energy and different defi nitions for it are possible. In all c...

This paper provides a framework for optimization of Induction Hardening parameters by using Intelligent Techniques. Heat Treatment of Iron Alloy is carried out for improving Mechanical and Metallurgical properties like Ductility, Toughness, Hardness, and Tensile Strength etc. These properties play a important role for selection of material in Manufacturing Field. Induction Hardening on iron all...