Carboxylic acid derivatives are the most widely occurring of all molecules, both in laboratory chemistry and in biological pathways. Specifically, acid derivatives are compounds in which the hydroxyl group of the carboxylic acid has been replaced by another acyl substituent that can act as a leaving group in nucleophilic acyl substitutions. These compounds can be acid halides, acid anhydrides, ...

the treatment equimolar quantities of carboxylic acids with acid chlorides in the presence of zno brings abouthighly efficient unsymmetrical anhydrides at room temperature in solvent-free condition. reactivity trendsfavored formation of the product using both electron deficient and rich aryl acids and acid chlorides.

Some derivatives of biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid 2-(aryl)-4-oxo-thiazolidin-3-yl –amide were synthesized and studied for their antimicrobial activity. These compounds were prepared from biphenyl-4-carboxylic-acid hydrazides. Biphenyl-4-carboxylic-acid hydrazides 1 on refluxing with aryl aldehydes in the presence of catalytic amount of glacial acetic acid furnish the biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid hyd...

Alkylation of pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid and 6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid with radicals generated by silver nitrate-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of pivalic acid afforded 5-(1,1dimethylethyl)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid and 6-chloro-5-(l,l-dimethylethyl)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Condensation of chlorides of the latter three halogenated and/or alkylated pyrazine-2carboxylic acids wit...

approved: T. Mark Zabriskie L-pipecolic acid (L-PA), a six carbon imino acid, is an intermediate of lysine degradation in various organisms including bacteria, yeast, fungi and mammals. In primates, the oxidation of L-PA by the enzyme L-pipecolate oxidase (L-PO) is the rate determining step of L-lysine degradation in the central nervous system. This thesis describes efforts to probe the L-PO me...

Two molecules of indole derivative, e.g. indole-5-carboxylic acid, reacted with one molecule of thiol, e.g. 1,2-ethanedithiol, in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid to yield adducts such as 3-[2-(2-amino-5-carboxyphenyl)-1-(2-mercaptoethylthio)ethyl]-1Hindole-5-carboxylic acid. Parallel formation of dimers, such as 2,3-dihydro-1H,1'H-2,3'-biindole-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid and trimers, such as 3...

BACKGROUND C5-C8 medium-chain carboxylic acids are valuable chemicals as the precursors of various chemicals and transport fuels. However, only a few strict anaerobes have been discovered to produce them and their production is limited to low concentrations because of product toxicity. Therefore, a bacterial strain capable of producing high-titer C5-C8 carboxylic acids was strategically isolate...

Carboxylic acids are central compounds in cellular metabolism, and in the carbon cycle in nature. Carbon dioxide is captured from the atmosphere and enters living cells through the formation of carboxylic groups, and it is released from living cells by the decarboxylation of carboxylic acids. The aerobic extraction of free energy from sugars in cellular respiration hinges on the ingeniously des...

Six new furan derivatives, named 5-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (1), 1-(5-(2-hydroxypropanoyl)-furan-2-yl)-pentan-3-one (2), 2-hydroxy-1-(5-(1-hydroxypentyl)-furan-2-yl)-propan-1-one (3), 1-(5-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-furan-2-yl)-pentan-1-one (4), 5-(1-hydroxypent-4-en-1-yl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (5) and 5-(3-hydroxypentyl)-furan-2-carboxylic acid (6), together with two new na...