Five crucian carp, Carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. The system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. Ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-N/L, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2...

Maron, D. M. & Ames, B. N. ( 1983) Mutaf. Res. 113, 173-2 15 Rothwell, K. (1974) Nature (/,ondon) 252.69-70 Sesardic. 11.. Davies. 0. S.. Edwards, R. & Boobis, A. R. ( 1 987) in Enzymi, / n h r c , t i o r i in Mati (Sotaniemi. E. A. & Pelkonen, R. 0.. eds.), pp. 33-46, Taylor and Francis London, New York and Philadelphia Tarrus, E., Cami, J., Roberts, D. J., Spickett, R. G. W., Celdran, E. & S...

Carassius carassius responds to hypoxic conditions by conversion of lactate into ethanol, which is excreted over the gills. However, a closely related species, Cyprinus carpio, does not possess the ability to produce ethanol and would be expected to accumulate lactate during hypoxic exposure. While the increase in oxygen consumption in fish required following strenuous exercise or low environme...

The overall energy budget for protein synthesis (i.e., transcription plus translation) is thought to consist of fixed and variable components, with RNA synthesis accounting for the former and protein synthesis the latter. During anoxia, the downregulation of protein synthesis (i.e., the variable component), to reduce energetic demand, is an important aspect of survival in crucian carp. The pres...

Like most vertebrates, humans die within minutes when deprived of molecular oxygen (anoxia), in part because of cardiac failure. In contrast, some freshwater turtles can survive anoxia for months at low temperatures, but to do so, they drastically suppress cardiac activity and autonomic cardiovascular control. Although Carassius carassius, the crucian carp, shares this anoxia tolerance, we show...

The crucian carp (Carassius carassius) tolerates anoxia for days to months depending on temperature. During episodes of stress, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are important for limiting cellular damage, mainly by ensuring protein function. Accordingly, we hypothesized that anoxia would change the expression of HSPs and that this response would be temperature dependent. Real-time RT-PCR was used to ...

We present the draft genome sequence of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. achromogenes strain AS03, an atypical A. salmonicida strain that causes erythrodermatitis in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). This is the first genome sequence report of A. salmonicida subsp. achromogenes, one of the four subspecies of atypical A. salmonicida.

A scanning electron microscopic study was performed on the surface ultrastructure of metacercariae and adults of Metagonimus takahashii. Metacercariae were collected from the scale of crucian carp (Carassius auratus), and adult flukes were harvested 1-4 weeks after infection to rats. In excysted metacercariae, the oral sucker had type I (numerous) and type II (seven in total) sensory papillae. ...

Stian Ellefsen, Guro K. Sandvik, Helene K. Larsen, Kåre-Olav Stensløkken, Dag Are S. Hov, Tom A. Kristensen, and Göran E. Nilsson Physiology Programme, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo; Lillehammer University College, Lillehammer; Cancer and Surgical Division, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo; and Gene Programme, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of O...

The diversity and abundance of parasites vary widely among populations of the same host species. These infection parameters are, to some extent, determined by characteristics of the host population or of its habitat. Recent studies have supported predictions derived from epidemiological models regarding the influence of host population density: parasite abundance and parasite species richness a...