Cannabis has a long history of consumption both for recreational and medicinal uses. Recently there have been significant advances in our understanding of how cannabis and related compounds (cannabinoids) affect the brain and this review addresses the current state of knowledge of these effects. Cannabinoids act primarily via two types of receptor, CB1 and CB2, with CB1 receptors mediating most...

Neutral cannabinoids with a pentyl side chain— for example, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabinol— are générally accompanied by homologs with a propyl side chain, of which at least one has psychotropic activity. Samples of hashish and marihuana from Asia especially sometimes have abundant amounts of propyl cannabinoids, the quantities being of the same order as that of the accompany...

Neutral cannabinoids with a pentyl side chain— for example, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabinol— are générally accompanied by homologs with a propyl side chain, of which at least one has psychotropic activity. Samples of hashish and marihuana from Asia especially sometimes have abundant amounts of propyl cannabinoids, the quantities being of the same order as that of the accompany...

Neutral cannabinoids with a pentyl side chain— for example, cannabidiol, tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabinol— are générally accompanied by homologs with a propyl side chain, of which at least one has psychotropic activity. Samples of hashish and marihuana from Asia especially sometimes have abundant amounts of propyl cannabinoids, the quantities being of the same order as that of the accompany...

Central antinociceptive effects of cannabinoids have been well documented. However, relatively little is known about the peripheral effects of the cannabinoids on inflammation. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of peripherally administered cannabinoids on three indices of inflammation: carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia, carrageenan-induced edema, and capsaicin-induced plasma...

cannabis is one of the most widely abused substances throughout the world. the primary psychoactive constituent of cannabis, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (▵(9_)thc), produces a myriad of pharmacological effects in animals and humans. although it is used as a recreational drug, it can potentially lead to dependence and behavioral disturbances and its heavy use may increase the risk for psychotic...

Background: Since cannabis has been legally allowed for medicinal purposes in many countries, it has become more interesting issue, particularly in neurologic disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the mechanisms for the treatment of AD. Objectives: The present study aimed to establish a method for preparation of cannabinoids-rich extrac...

Background Cannabinoids and the endo-cannabinoid system play an important role in the sensation of pain. As conventional analgesics are often associated with serious side-effects, cannabinoids and agonists of their receptors offer a useful alternative or coanalgesic in the treatment of pain. The aim of this work is to summarize the role of cannabinoids and their receptors in nociception and pai...

This review discusses three different associations between cannabinoids and cancer. First, it assesses evidence that smoking of cannabis preparations may cause cancers of the aerodigestive and respiratory system. There have been case reports of upper-respiratory-tract cancers in young adults who smoke cannabis, but evidence from a few epidemiological cohort studies and case-control studies is i...

1. To review the mechanisms and eff ects of opioids, cannabinoids, and topical agents in neuropathic pain. 2. To review clinically relevant pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of opioids, cannabinoids, and topical agents in patients with neuropathic pain. 3. To review the clinical evidence for the use of opi-oids, cannabinoids, and topical agents in neuro-pathic pain.