Three dog shelters in Rio Grande do Sul were investigated for associations between the occurrence of respiratory viruses and shelter environmental conditions. Nasal secretions randomly collected during the cold season were tested via PCR, and this data collection was followed by nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons. In shelter #1 (poor sanitary and nutritional conditions, high animal density ...

A trivalent parainfluenza virus vaccine has been tested in guinea pigs. The parainfluenza 2 virus vaccine component was superior in the magnitude of antibody titers, and in the ability to convert animals serologically after two doses of an undiluted or a 10-fold diluted vaccine. The parainfluenza 1 virus vaccine gave a higher percentage of conversion than parainfluenza 3 virus vaccine after adm...

BACKGROUND Canine distemper, caused by Canine distemper virus (CDV), is a highly contagious and fatal systemic disease in free-living and captive carnivores worldwide. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA), as an isothermal gene amplification technique, has been explored for the molecular detection of diverse pathogens. METHODS A real-time reverse transcription RPA (RT-RPA) assay for the...

Dogs are affected with various viral diseases viz., canine parvoviral infection, canine distemper, corona virus infection, canine hepatitis, canine parainfluenza and rabies (Bargujar, 2011). Canine parvovirus enteritis is a highly contagious and fatal disease of young dogs especially in the age group of 620weeks, transmitted by faeco-oral route (Nwoha, 2011). Parvo virus infection is most commo...

The sequence of the major nucleocapsid protein (NP) mRNA and its encoded protein were deduced by sequencing a cDNA clone representing the complete mRNA. The cDNA sequence was confirmed by dideoxynucleotide sequencing of purified viral genomic RNA by primer extension using synthetic oligonucleotides. The NP mRNA contains 1,641 nucleotides exclusive of poly(A) and encodes an NP protein of 515 ami...

This study demonstrates that the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) can infect in vitro cells of human, simian, bovine, canine, caprine, ovine, and bat origin. Cultures of these cells, cocultivated with BLV-infected cells or inoculated with cell-free BLV preparations, continuoously showed the presence of cells with the internal BLV antigen as well as BLV-induced syncytia. Virus replication was abundan...

Antibody prevalence against respiratory viruses was noted, as follows: adenovirus (1.3%), influenza A (0.6%), influenza B (12.7%), parainfluenza-1 (22.3%), parainfluenza-2 (2.5%), parainfluenza-3 (18.5%) and respiratory syncytial virus (0.6%). The difference in antibody prevalence between the different virus antigens was statistically significant. High antibody rates to influenza B, parainfluen...

Serologic cross reactions have been demonstrated between members of the parainfluenza subgroup of myxoviruses.7'-Similar antigenic relationships have also been noted between mumps virus and each of the four parainfluenza virus serotyes" and between mumps and Newcastle disease virus.7'8 Furthermore, the DA virus, § a myxovirus recently isolated from human blood, which is serologically indistingu...

Parainfluenza virus type 3 has been isolated from the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) from six individuals--four children and two adults--over a 10-year period. All had fever, and four had signs of meningitis. All recovered uneventfully, including one child undergoing chemotherapy for medulloblastoma. The clinical presentation of this child who developed parainfluenza virus type 3 meningitis is des...

Members of the family Paramyxoviridae are pleomorphic enveloped viruses that contain a single-stranded, non-segmented RNA genome of 13-19 kilobases (Lamb and Parks, 2007). These viruses have been isolated from many species of avian, terrestrial and aquatic animals around the world. Some members of the family Paramyxoviridae are well known human (measles, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus and v...