Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are closely linked to obesity. Numerous prospective studies have reported on weight gain, insulin resistance, and insulin signaling in experimental animals, but not in humans. We examined insulin signaling in adipocytes from lean volunteers, before and at the end of a 4-wk period of consuming a fast-food, high-calorie diet that led to weight gain. We...

Background: In addition to reducing body weight, the low-calorie diets can reduce the lean body mass. It is hypothesized that in addition to reducing the body weight, the low-calorie diets can maintain the lean body mass. So, the current study aimed at evaluating the effects of high-protein diet with calorie restriction on body composition in overweight and obese individuals. Methods: 36 obese ...

It is generally recognized that nitrogen balance is influenced by the energy content of the diet. Many workers have noted the sparing action of energy-rich foods on protein utilization. Bosshardt & Barnes (1946) showed that protein utilization by growing rats and mice increased with calorie intake when the animals were given isocaloric diets ad lib. Among other reports giving evidence of the pr...

There is no consensus on the most appropriate nutritional strategy for treating metabolic syndrome (MS), such that cardiovascular risk is reduced. This study was designed to assess the strength of evidence of the benefits of various nutritional interventions in MS remission. Performed in Medline, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases, the virtual search consisted of randomized clinical trials p...

BACKGROUND Finding new tolerable methods in weight loss has largely been an issue of interest for specialists. Present study compared a novel method of calorie shifting diet (CSD) with classic calorie restriction (CR) on weight loss in overweight and obese subjects. METHODS Seventy-four subjects (body mass index ≥25; 37) were randomized to 4 weeks control diet, 6 weeks CSD or CR diets, and 4 ...

There is a growing consensus that our food-rich living environment contributes to rising numbers of people with overweight and obesity. Low-cost, effective intervention tools are needed to facilitate healthy eating behavior, especially when eating away from home. Therefore, we present a field experiment in a restaurant that tested whether providing subtle environmental diet reminders increases ...

It is generally recognized that nitrogen balance is influenced by the energy content of the diet. Many workers have noted the sparing action of energy-rich foods on protein utilization. Bosshardt & Barnes (1946) showed that protein utilization by growing rats and mice increased with calorie intake when the animals were given isocaloric diets ad lib. Among other reports giving evidence of the pr...

We investigated dietary modulation, by energy level and energy source, of two-stage skin tumorigenesis initiated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in SENCAR mice. Studies comparing the influence of dietary calorie restriction (feeding less carbohydrate and less fat) with diet restriction and with ad libitum control feeding indicated an in...