Thirteen polyphenolics were isolated from fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima using various methods of column chromatography. The structures of these polyphenolics were elucidated as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6-O-galloyl-d-glucoside (3), methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-d-glucoside (4), methyl 3,6-di-O-galloyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (5), gentisic acid 5-O-α-d-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (6), gu...

Phytochemical investigation on the seeds of Caesalpinia decapetala led to the isolation of a new cassane diterpenoid with an unusual O bridge between C-19 and C-20, named phanginin Q (1), together with three known cassane diterpenoids, caesaljapin (2), caesaldekarin A (3), and caesaldekarin B (4). The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including (1)H NMR, (13...

A bioassay-guided study led to the isolation of seven new cassane furanoditerpenes, designated as spirocaesalmin B (1), caesalpinin M1 (2), caesalpinin M2 (3), caesalmin E1 (4), caesalmin E2 (5), caesalmin E3 (6), caesalpinin F1 (7) and three known compounds neocaesalpin A(8), neocaesalpin L(9), neocaesalpin L1(10) from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax Hance. Compound structures were determined o...

Homoisoflavanone, sappanone A, was isolated from Caesalpinia sappan and proven to dose-dependently inhibit both melanogenesis and cellular tyrosinase activity via repressing tyrosinase gene expression in mouse B16 melanoma cells. To our knowledge, sappanone A is the first homoisoflavanone to be discovered with melanogenesis inhibitory activity. Our results give a new impetus to the future searc...

The screening of lesser-known underutilized seeds as source of food has been a way of finding solution to food insecurity in developing nations. In this regard, oil as a class of food was extracted from the seeds of Diospyros mespiliformis  (4.72 ± 0.2%), Albizia lebbeck  (6.40 ± 0.60%), and Caesalpinia pulcherrima  (7.2 ± 0.30%). The oils were finally analyzed for their fatty acid composition,...

Caesalpinia is the name of a genus of enormous size and of ancient origin. It is named after the Italian naturalist, Andreas Caesalpino, of Arezzo (1519-1603). He was also a botanical collector, systematist and philosopher, chief physician to Pope Clement VIII, and a professor of medicine and botany in Pisa and Rome.[1] Caesalpinia consists of about 200 species, consisting of shrubs, tall climb...

One new cassane diterpene possessing an unusual N bridge between C-19 and C-20 named caesalsappanin R (1), as well as another new diterpene caesalsappanin S (2), were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia sappanwith methanol extract. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and examined alongside existing data from prior studies. Their biological activities were profiled by t...

Aqueous and methanol extract of two medicinal plants of Caesalpinia sappan L. and Mimosa pudica L. were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus NCIM 5021, Bacillus subtilis NCIM 2010, Escherichia coli NCIM 2118, Pseudomonous aeruginosa NCIM 5029, Klebsiella pneumoniae NCIM 2707, Proteus vulgaris NCIM 2027, Candida albicans NCIM 3102 and Aspergillus niger NCIM ...

This study was conducted to determine the in vitro anti-malarial activity of three medicinal plants, Picrorhiza kurroa, Caesalpinia bonducella and Artemisia absinthium of Pakistan. Different extracts of various parts of these plants were prepared by maceration and percolation, and were evaluated for their antimalarial activity. Aqueous, cold alcoholic and hot alcoholic extracts of Picrorhiza ku...