A basic survey across a given language pair normally reveals units that are structurally incongruent with one another, which demonstrates that translation cannot be reduced to establishing a straightforward correspondence between individual words. To properly render the meaning of the source text, translators must introduce translation shifts, i.e. departures from formal correspondence in the p...

The dorsal aspect of the medial superior temporal area (MSTd) is involved in the computation of heading direction from the focus of expansion (FOE) of the visual image. Our laboratory previously found that MSTd neurons adjust their focus tuning curves to compensate for shifts in the FOE produced by eye rotation (Bradley et al., 1996) as well as for changes in pursuit speed (Shenoy et al., 2002)...

The New Year Address of 2023 delivered by Chinese president Xi Jinping can be an important and representative way for the international community to know about today’s China. As a text containing many long complex sentences with political connotations, Year’s address challenge translators. In this passage, study on Chinese-English translation under guidance Translation Shifts Theory Catford was...

This paper traces the development of the translation shift concept from its origins in the linguistics-oriented era of translation studies to its current revival in computer-based approaches: after a presentation of the traditional approaches by John C. Catford, Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet, Eugene A. Nida, and Kitty van LeuvenZwart, several recent studies that have integrated the concept...

The main purpose of this research is to find the types of equivalence and shifts in the Persian translation of English complex sentences with wh-subordinate clauses. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The English fictions and their Persian translations considered as source of the data. The researcher classifies the data into two main categories: the equivalence and shift. The equ...

This study was intended to investigate the types of translation shifts in a documentary movie entitled The Social Dilemma. method employed descriptive qualitative describe occurring English-Indonesian subtitles. were analyzed using Catford's shift typologies. findings showed that all applied From data collected, it found there 56 level (5%), 327 intra-systems (30%), 243 unit (22%), 83 class (7%...