abstract english language learning in iran has become significant in recent years, and english has been included in the curriculum of iranian schools and universities, and considerable attention has been paid to this language in our society. nevertheless, teaching and learning english in iranian schools has not been able to satisfy the specified goals, so different efl institutes have been est...

the outcome of this research is a practical framework for “idea generation phase of new product development process based on customer knowledge”. in continue, the mentioned framework implemented in a part of iran n.a.b market and result in segmenting and profiling this market. also, the critical new product attributes and bases of communication message and promotion campaigns extracted. we have...

abstract the problems caused by the traditional system of criminal justice (which are based on remuneration and rehabilitation) such as, lack of attention to victim’s rights and position and society, underlie the emergence of restorative justice which had the victim-centered perspective, with respect to the role of the offender and participation of civil society. meanwhile, criminal mediation ...

this research aims at answering the questions about translation problems and strategies applied by translators when translating cultural concepts. in order to address this issue, qualitative and quantitative study were conducted on two groups of subjects at imam reza international university of mashhad. these two groups were assigned as beginner and advanced translation students (10 students). ...

abstract the present thesis seeks to critically read george orwell’s nineteen eighty-four and animal farm in the light of louis althusser’s thought and theory. the present thesis proceeds to examine and demonstrate althusser’s major concepts including ideological state apparatuses (isas), repressive state apparatuses (rsas), the structure, the subject, and ideological interpellation which r...

این پژوهش به بررسی ریسک پذیری مترجمان تازه کار در طی فرآیند ترجمه از زبان انگلیسی به فارسی می پردازد. پژوهش درباره مترجمان به عنوان اولین خواننده متن مبدا از اهمیت به سزایی برخوردار است. مترجمان تازه کار (و حرفه ای) در طی فرآیند ترجمه با مشکلات متعددی روبرو می شوند که باعث عدم اطمینان آنها از متن ترجمه شده می شود. با توجه به اینکه عدم اطمینان به انجام ریسک منتهی می شود، هدف این پژوهش بررسی کیفی...

in the past couple of decades sociocultural theory of sla and its implications in efl contexts have attracted attentions of research circles worldwide and aroused some controversies. firth and wagner (1997) have questioned the principles of the cognitive view which gives importance to mental constructs in favor of sociocultural view which highlights social and contextual constructs. but if soci...

this thesis examines the significances and implications of inflicted physical pain in waiting for the barbarians (1980) by john maxwell coetzee (1940 - ). the researcher tries to show how body becomes a site for exercising violence. in this way, the government’s representatives turn bodies of the barbarians into blank pages through torturing in order to create the truth of the empire. in this p...