Loss of tonB1 adversely affects iron acquisition and intrinsic multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several mutations in tonB1 compromised the protein's contribution to both processes, although TonB1 derivatives altered in residues C35, Q268, R287, Q292, R300, and R304 were compromised vis-à-vis their contribution to drug resistance only.

Thioredoxins (Trx) participate in essential antioxidant and redox-regulatory processes via a pair of conserved cysteine residues. In dipteran insects like Drosophila and Anopheles, which lack a genuine glutathione reductase (GR), thioredoxins fuel the glutathione system with reducing equivalents. Thus, characterizing Trxs from these organisms contributes to our understanding of redox control in...

in this research, catalase activity and leaf chlorophyll stability of satsuma mandarin on some citrus rootstocks under waterlogging condition were studied. experiment was conducted as factorial with randomized complete blocks and 6 replications. the first factor, include 7 soils from east mazandaran and the second factor included 7 different citrus rootstocks: 1. sour orange, 2. swingle citrome...

1.1 This gas chromatographic method is designed to determine the concentrations in soil and water of petroleum hydrocarbons from nhexane (C6) to n-pentatriacontane (C 35); an approximate boiling point range from 70C to 500C. This includes the gasoline, diesel range, and some portions of heavier fuels and lubricating oils. This method also describes the separation of the petroleum hydrocarbons i...

A novel C(35) terpene and its monounsaturated analogue were isolated from cultures of Acetobacter xylinum, together with traces of their C(36) homologues. These substances were found to be hopane derivatives substituted by a five-carbon chain bearing four vicinal hydroxyl groups. For the parent hydrocarbon the term bacteriohopane is proposed. The elucidation of the structures utilized high-reso...

The dysregulation of protein oxidative post-translational modifications has been implicated in stress-related diseases. Trx1 is a key reductase that reduces specific disulfide bonds and other cysteine post-translational modifications. Although commonly in the cytoplasm, Trx1 can also modulate transcription in the nucleus. However, few Trx1 nuclear targets have been identified because of the low...

It has been shown that thioredoxin (Trx) in a reduced form binds to and inhibits apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). Apoptotic stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activate ASK1 in part by oxidizing Trx (forming intramolecular disulfide between C32 and C35) to release Trx from ASK1. In the present study, we examined if Trx affects ASK1 protein s...