Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) is able to restore a physiological Th1 response and Tregs function. This effect is allergen-specific, even though it has been reported that it may also be non-specific, such as also extended to allergens not used in AIT. This immunological phenomenon may also be of clinical nature. This case report shows that a poly-allergic patient, successfully treated with Pariet...

AIM To describe possible factors modifying the effect of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation on survival among patients suffering an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. PATIENTS A national survey in Sweden among patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and in whom resuscitative efforts were attempted. Sixty per cent of ambulance organizations were included. DESIGN Prospective evalu...

introduction: radiation induced bystander effect (ribe) which cause radiation effects in non-irradiated cells, has challenged the principle according to which radiation traversal through the nucleus of a cell is necessary for producing biological responses. what is the mechanism of this phenomenon? to have a better understanding of this rather ambiguous concept substantial number of original an...

The bystander effect describes radiation-induced biological effects in nonirradiated cells that have received signals from irradiated cells. In a co-culture experiment, the bystander signaling is proposed to occur via the medium. Using a co-culture setup, the work in this thesis investigates the effects of temperature as an experimental parameter and linear energy transfer (LET) dependence on t...

The radiation induced bystander effect describes the response of non-irradiated cells to transmissible signals emitted from irradiated cells. This has been shown in vivo in more than one species of irradiated fish swimming with non-irradiated bystander fish. Irradiation of adult fish results in a short-term bystander effect which then attenuates. However early life stage irradiation results in ...

Cells without intact mitochondrial DNA have been shown to lack the bystander effect, which is an energy-dependent process. We hypothesized that cells harboring mutations in mitochondrial genes responsible for ATP synthesis would show a decreased bystander effect compared to normal cells. Radiation-induced bystander effects were analyzed in two normal and four mitochondrial mutant human lymphobl...

Introduction: Radiation effects induced in non-irradiated cells are termed radiation- induced bystander effects (RIBE). The present study intends to examine the RIBE response of QU-DB bystander cells to first, second and third radiation fractions and compare their cumulative outcome with an equal, single acute dose.   Materials and Methods: This experimental ...

In models of human lung and head and neck cancer, there have been anecdotal reports of a bystander effect in wild-type p53 gene therapy, an apoptosis-inducing molecular intervention strategy. These reports do not definitively demonstrate the presence of a bystander effect, nor do they elucidate requirements for or characteristics of this phenomenon. We have investigated human squamous cell carc...

Tumor cells expressing the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene are killed by nucleoside analogues such as ganciclovir (GCV). GCV affects not only the cells expressing HSV-tk but also neighboring cells that do not express the gene; this phenomenon commonly is called "bystander effect." GCV metabolites transfer via gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) accounts ...

The term "bystander effect" is used to describe an effect in which cells that have not been exposed to radiation are affected by irradiated cells though various intracellular signaling mechanisms. In this study we analyzed the kinetics and mechanisms of bystander effect and radioadaptation in embryonic zebrafish cells (ZF4) exposed to chronic low dose of gamma rays. ZF4 cells were irradiated fo...