Long driving hours have a potential of causing fatigue, which is known as a contributing factor for collisions. This paper examines the influence of bus operator driving hours on the occurrence of preventable collisions by employing data from incident reports and operator schedules to evaluate the correlation between driving hours and operator involvement in collisions. Several methods of analy...

Based on analysis of the configuration and powertrain parameters of the series hybrid electric bus typically operating in certain Chinese city, this paper establishes simulation model of the series hybrid powertrain. The energy efficiency and fuel economy of the series hybrid electric bus are analyzed by energy flow method in the driving cycles of Chinese typical city, Zhuzhou city in Hunan pro...

Driver fatigue has received increased attention during recent years and is now considered to be a major contributor to approximately 15-30% of all crashes. However, little is known about fatigue in city bus drivers. It is hypothesized that city bus drivers suffer from sleepiness, which is due to a combination of working conditions, lack of health and reduced sleep quantity and quality. The over...

This paper presents an evaluation of battery requirements for hybrid and electric city buses. Technical specifications of recently developed lithium based batteries and vehicle simulation results are used as basis for the evaluation. The battery requirements are evaluated in terms of power and energy capacity, calendar and cycle life as well as costs. Conventional diesel, parallel and series hy...

background: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of variables such as personality traits, driving behavior and mental illness on road traffic accidents among the drivers with accidents and those without road crash. methods: in this cohort study, 800 bus and truck drivers were recruited. participants were selected among drivers who referred to imam sajjad hospital (tehran, iran) duri...

Electric vehicles are in the brink of breakthrough in the automotive industry, and batteryelectric city buses are no exception. However, the costs are still high compared to conven-tional buses with internal combustion engines. A thorough electric city bus system plan-ning is an effective way to curb the high costs, where, accurate knowledge about the spe-cific energy consum...

The driving range is an important issue of electric car manufacturers and electric vehicle fleet operators, and it directly influences the cost, operation and customer satisfaction. The estimation of Battery performance which has a significant impact on the driving range is an immature technique, however ARTC (Automotive Research & Testing Center) proposed to estimate parameters including energ...