There is controversy in the literature regarding a number of topics related to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to answer the following questions: 1) Bone patellar tendon bone (BPTB) reconstruction or hamstring reconstruction (HR); 2) Double bundle or single bundle; 3) Allograft or authograft; 4) Early or late reconstruction; 5) Rate of return to sp...

The spectrum and the polarization of the magnetic flux density (B-field) of 6 induction heaters and 1 arc oven were measured by means of a PMM (Italy) spectrum analyser. The spectrum analysis showed that no substantial harmonics were observed while the polarization analysis revealed that the operator's exposure was non-homogeneous within a distance of 1.5 m from the heater. When the distance wa...

Micro-cantilevers with integrated heaters serve as powerful tools for investigation and manipulation at the nanometer scale. They can be used to locally heat surfaces. They can also serve as low-cost, highly integrable topography sensors, and find application as position sensors for nanopositioning applications. In this paper we present a tractable feedback model that captures the thermo-electr...

We characterize the natural diagonal almost product (locally product) structures on the tangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold. We obtain the conditions under which the tangent bundle endowed with the determined structure and with a metric of natural diagonal lift type is a Riemannian almost product (locally product) manifold, or an (almost) para-Hermitian manifold. We find the natural diagona...

Pool boiling heat transfer measurements using heaters of varying aspect ratio were obtained in low-g (0.01 g ± 0.025 g) aboard the KC-135 aircraft. The heater aspect ratio was varied by selectively powering 2 · 2, 2 · 4, 2 · 6, 2 · 8, and 2 · 10 arrays of heaters in a 10 · 10 heater array containing individual heaters 0.7 · 0.7 mm in size. Electronic control circuitry was used to maintain an is...

This paper describes the application of thermal spray techniques to produce resistance heating elements suitable for applying very large heat fluxes to solid surfaces. The surface to be heated is electrically insulated by deposition of a ceramic layer onto which a thin metallic layer is deposited; the metallic layer serves as the heating element. Each layer has a thickness in the range of 75 to...

Pool boiling heat transfer measurements from different heater sizes were obtained in low-g (0.01± 0.025 g) and high-g (1.7 ± 0.5 g) aboard the KC-135 aircraft. Boiling on three heaters of different size (0.65, 2.62, 7.29 mm) was studied. Control circuitry was used to maintain an isothermal boundary condition on the heater surface while the power dissipated by the heater was measured. Steadystat...

Let $p:Xlo B$ be a locally trivial principal G-bundle and $wt{p}:wt{X}lo B$ be a locally trivial principal $wt{G}$-bundle. In this paper, by using the structure of principal bundles according to transition functions, we show that $wt{G}$ is a covering group of $G$ if and only if $wt{X}$ is a covering space of $X$. Then we conclude that a topological space $X$ with non-simply connected universal...

The main purpose of this study is to perform numerical simulation of nanofluids as the coolant in VVER-440 fuel rod bundle. The fuel rod bundle contains 60 fuel rods with length of 960 mm and 4 spacer grids. In VVER-440 fuel rod bundle the coolant fluid (water) is in high pressure and temperature condition. In the present Thermo-hydraulic simulation, water-AL2O3 nanofluids containing various vo...