Introduction The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) is one of the main arteries that supply both the nasal mucosa and the ethmoid sinuses. The AEA shows variability regarding its distance from adjacent structures. Several studies have developed techniques to identify the AEA. Objective This study aimed to compare the measurements from the AEA to the ethmoid bulla and to the frontal beak by using c...

PURPOSE To evaluate tympanic bulla healing after experimental ventral osteotomy in cats. METHODS Twenty adult cats were submitted to unilateral ventral bulla osteotomy and divided into two groups: cats of A1 group (n=10) were euthanized at 8 weeks and cats of A2 group (n=10), at 16 weeks postoperative. RESULTS Signs of Horner's syndrome or damage to the inner ear were not found. Open-mouth ...

Common middle ear diseases may affect bone behavior in the middle ear air cell system. To understand this pathologic pneumatization, the normal development of bone in the middle ear should be investigated. The objective of this study was to analyze gene expression of bone-related signaling factors and gene sets in the developing middle ear. Microarray technology was used to identify bone-relate...

Patients with severe emphysema have a higher risk of developing lung cancer, and their surgical risk increases when emphysema is accompanied by a giant bulla. Here, we describe a patient who had an emphysematous giant bulla in the right upper lobe that was treated with an endobronchial valve placement. Subsequently, a cancerous lesion on the contralateral lung was successfully removed by lobect...

A 57-year-old man presented with increasing respiratory distress. Chest radiography (Figure 1) and computed tomography (Figure 2) confirmed the diagnosis of a huge lung bulla. Bullectomy was performed (Figure 3). Subsequently, the remaining lung expanded fully to fill the hemithorax. On follow-up after 7 years, the patient was asymptomatic with fully expanded lung without any bulla. Asian Cardi...

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease developed a cough, loss of consciousness, and convulsions during an air flight. Chest radiography showed a large lung bulla. Computed tomography of the brain showed intraparenchymal air and bilateral cerebral infarcts. The findings were compatible with cerebral air embolism, most likely predisposed to by lung bulla and an air flight. The unde...

A 79 year-old man sought treatment in the emergency room complaining of persistent fever, chest pain, and general fatigue. A chest X-ray showed a giant infectious bulla (24 cm in diameter) in the left lung. The patient had no history of abnormalities on X-rays, and his latest medical check-up, conducted in the preceding year, had produced no abnormal findings. Diagnostic procedures, including b...

In most mammals, auditory ossicles in the middle ear, including the malleus, incus and stapes, are the smallest bones. In mice, a bony structure called the auditory bulla houses the ossicles, whereas the auditory capsule encloses the inner ear, namely the cochlea and semicircular canals. Murine ossicles are essential for hearing and thus of great interest to researchers in the field of otolaryn...