The generalization of p-frame in Banach spaces is considered in this paper. The concepts of an $tilde{X}$-frame and a system conjugate to $tilde{X}$-frame were introduced. Analogues of the results on the existence of conjugate system were obtained. The stability of $tilde{X}$-frame having a conjugate system is studied.

nowadays, as a result of increased terrorist and bomb attacks throughout the globe in the vicinity of strategic buildings, designing these structures against impact loads, particularly the blast-related ones, has been taken into more consideration. the current procedure for designing the structure against an explosion is a design against the local failure of the current elements in the first st...

This paper utilizes recent optimization algorithm called Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) for optimal design of skeletal structures. The ALO is based on the hunting mechanism of Antlions in nature. The random walk of ants, building traps, entrapment of ants in traps, catching preys, and re-building traps are main steps for this algorithm. The new algorithm is examined by designing three truss and frame...

People need durable shelters for living safely due to devastation caused by flooding in some areas, and it is not easy mitigate the frequency intensity of flooding. Therefore, this research, an industrialized building system (IBS) has been proposed as one best solutions. However, most existing IBSs were designed tested resisting a sudden horizontal impact. Furthermore, joints would likely be vu...

conventional methods for seismic design of structures are based on building capacity. because of the disadvantages of conventional methods, base isolation system  is known as an effective solution to protect structures against earthquakes. in this study the operation of 2-storey steel frame with and without seismic isolators under near-fault earthquake of chichi، northridge and  capemendocine  ...

In order to evaluate the impulse magnetic field distribution inside buildings truck by lightning or by nearby stokes, a set of measuring system composed of self-made magnetic detection coil and fiber transmission system was developed. The sensitivity coefficient of the optical fiber transmission system was calibrated by sine wave generator. Connecting the output of a portable 8/20μs current gen...

Abnormal loads due to natural events, implementation errors and some other issues can lead to occurrence of progressive collapse in structures. Most of the past researches consist of 2- Dimensional (2D) models of steel frames without consideration of the floor system effects, which reduces the accuracy of the modeling. While employing a 3-Dimensional (3D) model and modeling the concrete slab sy...