Consumers’ budgets are influenced by the temporal frame used for the budget period. Budgets planned for the next month are much lower than recorded expenses, while those for the next year are closer to recorded expenses (study 1). The difficulty of estimating budgets for the next year imparts low confidence and leads to upward adjustment. When consumers’ confidence in their estimates is increas...

The content of this paper is about a model to simulate weekly activity plans of road users and to find out under which conditions changes of activity patterns occur. In the focus of interest is the sensitivity of activity patterns to budget constraints. The budgets of road users are time and cost budgets for mobility. A scheduling approach considering budgets is used to simulate weekly activity...