Salen complexes of the heavy alkaline-earth metals, calcium and strontium, were prepared by the reaction of various salen(t-Bu)H(2) ligands with the metals in ethanol. Six new calcium and strontium compounds, [Ca(salen(t-Bu))(HOEt)(2)(thf)] (1), [Ca(salen(t-Bu))(HOEt)(2)] (2), [Ca(salpen(t-Bu))(HOEt)(3)] (3), [Ca(salophen(t-Bu))(HOEt)(thf)] (4), [Sr(salen(t-Bu))(HOEt)(3)] (5), and [Sr(salophen(...

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The unpredictable intestinal absorption and erratic bioavailability of oral busulfan (Bu) has limited the drug's use in high-dose pretransplantation conditioning therapy. To standardize drug delivery, we solubilized Bu for parenteral use. This new intravenous (i.v.) Bu formulation was combined with oral Bu and cyclophosphamide (Cy) to evaluate (1) the human acute toxicity of i.v. Bu and its sol...

Objective Busulfan (BU) has a destructive effect on the male reproductive system. On the one hand, traditional herbs such as olive leaf extract (OLE) have been considered as sources of antioxidants and phenolic compounds. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of OLE on BU-induced damages in rat testes. MaterialsAndMethods In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats divided random...

Gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising approach for gene therapy. However, up to today, it is still a major challenge to find safe and efficient non-viral vectors. Previously, we reported PEI-Bu, a small molecular weight PEI derivative, as an efficient non-viral carrier. However, like many PEI-based polymers, PEI-Bu was too toxic. In order to reduce cytotoxicity while maintain...

During the routing of global interconnects, macro blocks form useful routing regions which allow wires to go through but forbid bu ers to be inserted. They give restrictions on bu er locations. In this paper, we take these bu er location restrictions into consideration and solve the simultaneous maze routing and bu er insertion problem. Given a block placement de ning bu er location restriction...

A potentially useful trianionic ligand for the reduction of dinitrogen catalytically by molybdenum complexes is one in which one of the arms in a [(RNCH(2)CH(2))(3)N](3-) ligand is replaced by a 2-mesitylpyrrolyl-alpha-methyl arm, that is, [(RNCH(2)CH(2))(2)NCH(2)(2-MesitylPyrrolyl)](3-) (R = C(6)F(5), 3,5-Me(2)C(6)H(3), or 3,5-t-Bu(2)C(6)H(3)). Compounds have been prepared that contain the lig...

Three octanuclear phosphonate clusters, formulated as [Ln8(O3P(t)Bu)6(μ3-OH)2(H2O)2(HO(i)Bu)(O2C(t)Bu)12](NH3(i)Pr)2 (Ln = Gd, Dy and Tb), were synthesised by refluxing a mixture of pivalic acid (HO2C(t)Bu), Ln(NO3)3·6H2O, tert-Butyl phosphonic acid (H2O3P(t)Bu) and isopropylamine ((i)PrNH2) in isobutyl alcohol (i)BuOH.

BACKGROUND Buruli ulcer (BU), one of 17 neglected tropical diseases, is a debilitating skin and soft tissue infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. In tropical Africa, changes in land use and proximity to water have been associated with the disease. This study presents the first analysis of BU at the village level in southwestern Ghana, where prevalence rates are among the highest globally,...

In this paper we define a new clausal class, called BU , which can be decided by hyperresolution with splitting. We also consider the model generation problem for BU and show that hyperresolution plus splitting can also be used as a Herbrand model generation procedure for BU and, furthermore, that the addition of a local minimality test allows us to generate only minimal Herbrand models for cla...