Blenderized tube diets (BTD) are used in some parts of Brazil and few studies have analyzed their features in comparison with industrialized preparations. Among 14 randomly collected BTD recipes 9 were poorly described or failed to standardize foodstuffs and portions and, consequently, nutrient and energy composition was difficult to define. Only five BTD allowed theoretical estimation of their...

We report the first microdeletion (26 kb) of the biotinidase gene (BTD) that involves three of the four exons of the gene. This deletion further exemplifies the importance of performing microarray analysis or other methodologies for a deletion of the BTD gene when the enzymatic activity indicates lower activity than can be attributed to the mutations identified by DNA sequencing.

The BTD gene codes for production of biotinidase, the enzyme responsible for helping the body reuse and recycle the biotin found in foods. Biotinidase deficiency is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder resulting in the inability to recycle the vitamin biotin and affects approximately 1 in 60,000 newborns. If untreated, the depletion of intracellular biotin leads to impaired activities of...

The Drosophila gap-like segmentation genes orthodenticle, empty spiracles and buttonhead (btd) are expressed and required in overlapping domains in the head region of the blastoderm stage embryo. Their expression domains correspond to two or three segment anlagen that fail to develop in each mutant. It has been proposed that these overlapping expression domains mediate head metamerization and c...

Intermediate neural progenitor cells (INPs) need to avoid differentiation and cell cycle exit while maintaining restricted developmental potential, but mechanisms preventing differentiation and cell cycle exit of INPs are not well understood. In this study, we report that the Drosophila homolog of mammalian Sp8 transcription factor Buttonhead (Btd) prevents premature differentiation and cell cy...

As part of our interest into the bioinorganic chemistry of gallium, gallium(III) complexes of the azole ligands 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (btd), 1,2,3-benzotriazole (btaH), and 1-methyl-4,5-diphenylimidazole (L) have been isolated. Reaction of btaH or btd with GaBr(3) or GaCl(3) resulted in the mononuclear complexes [GaBr(3)(btaH)(2)] (1) and [GaCl(3)(btd)(2)] (2), respectively, while treatment of...

[22] presents a new method called BTD for solving Valued CSPs and so Max-CSPs. This method based both on enumerative techniques and the tree-decomposition notion provides better theoretical time complexity bounds than classical enumerative methods and aims to benefit of the practical efficiency of enumerative methods thanks to the structural goods which are recorded and exploited during the sea...

Correspondence to: Professor Jennifer Adgey, Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; jennifer.adgey@ royalhospitals.n-i.nhs.uk _________________________ D efibrillation has been used to treat disturbances of the cardiac rhythm since the late 1800s. w1 In order to appreciate the mechanisms of defibrillation, one must also understand the ...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated clinical and pathological characteristics and risk factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients' native to Yunnan plateau in southwestern China. METHODS Clinical data from 1,198 patients diagnosed with PTC (n=578) and control subjects (n=620) with benign thyroid disease (ie, thyroid nodule disease, benign thyroid diseases [BTD]) in Yunnan province we...

Genetic and molecular analyses of patterning of the Drosophila embryo have shown that the process of segmentation of the head is fundamentally different from the process of segmentation of the trunk. The cephalic furrow (CF), one of the first morphological manifestations of the patterning process, forms at the juxtaposition of these two patterning systems. We report here that the initial step i...