Brick sector is a mainstay of the urban economy Punjab. The traditional technology brick making emits lot toxic gases and smoke particulates into air. Hence, Government Punjab, Pakistan announced ban on low kiln operations during winter season by end December 2020. Initially, existing set up kilns air pollution levels were evaluated before lockdown period using spatial application. Further, env...

Introduction: Immunization against common childhood diseases has been an integral component of mother and child health services in India since adoption of the primary health care approach. According to WHO, immunization prevents between 2-3 million deaths every year. The focus of this study is to assess the immunization status of children under five years of age amongst migrant construction and...

BACKGROUND Tasks involved in traditional charcoal production expose workers to various levels of charcoal dust and wood smoke. This study aimed to identify specific tasks influencing lung function and respiratory symptoms. METHODS Interviews, direct observation, and task/symptom checklists were used to collect data from 50 charcoal-production workers on 3 nonwork days followed by 11 workdays....

Urban growth identification, quantification, and the knowledge of rate and trends of growth helps in determining the changes associated with land use and land cover properties and in regional planning with better infrastructure in environmentally sound way. Spatial and temporal technologies such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) are very ...

Proper processing of coconut shell charcoal can be highly economically and environmentally valuable. The two most common uses are activated carbon briquettes, obtained through carbonization. However, traditional carbonization methods involving kilns produce excessive smoke, polluting the environment disrupting human activities. A kiln that produces less smoke is required to address this issue. ...

Abstract—Coal fly ash, an industrial by product of coal combustion thermal power plants is considered as a hazardous material and its improper disposal has become an environmental issue. On the other hand, manufacturing conventional clay bricks involves on consumption of large amount of clay and leads substantial depletion of topsoil. This paper unveils the possibility of using fly ash as a par...

Background Air quality monitoring in brick kilns indicates very high concentrations of airborne particulate matter. Air pollution from brick kilns poses an enhanced threat to the environment and to human health. Objective To evaluate airborne particulate matter concentration and health status of brick kiln workers. Method A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Kathmandu valley...