The proper use of polymers as conditioners is a critical aspect of dewatering processes. In this study, we investigate their physical properties, i.e. size, density and fractal dimension and correlate them with their dewatering characteristics (bound water content, CST and SRF) on alum sludge with cationic polymer conditioning. Using CST measurement to determine the optimum polymer dose may lea...

The dielectric consCa,rlt E' and dielectric loss E ' of human cortical bone have heen measured for frequencies of 1, 10, 50 and 100 kc and for hydrations ( h ) from 0 t o 65 mg-H,O,'g-bone. The absorption isotherm has also been detcrmined. Curves of E' and E" vs h are found to alter sharply at a particular value of the hydration, I t , . defining the ' critical hydration ' of bone. The quantity...

We study the bound states of a Kronig Penney potential for a nonlinear one-dimensional Schrodinger equation. This potential consists of a large, but not necessarily infinite, number of equidistant δ-function wells. We show that the ground state can be highly degenerate. Under certain conditions furthermore, even the bound state that would be normally the highest can have almost the same energy ...

The state of water in colloidal systems is a controversial subject. Discovery of the colloidal state by GRAHAM (18) was followed by extensive studies by VAN BEMMELN (66, 67, 68, 69) and ZSIGMONDY (73, 74). Thermodynamic studies by KATZ (36) indicated significant changes in free energy and heat content in colloidal systemis at low water content. OVERTON (51) concluded that part of the water in a...

We have studied the effect of humidity on the electronic properties of DNA base pairs. We found that the hydrogen links of the nucleobases with water molecules lead to a shift of the pi electron density from carbon atoms to nitrogen atoms and can change the symmetry of the wave function for some nucleobases. As a result, the orbital energies are shifted which leads to a decrease in the potentia...

PURPOSE To analyze free and total water in human normal and cataractous lenses. METHODS Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine total water, and differential scanning calorimetry was used for free water. RESULTS In normal human lenses, the total water content of the nucleus remained unchanged with age, but the state of the water altered. The ratio of free to bound water increased s...