A statistical test is proposed for in vitro bioequivalence testing between drug products such as nasal aerosols and nasal sprays. The proposed test generalizes the one recommended in the FDA 1999 guidance to the situation where replicated observations obtained from each sampled canister or bottle of the drug product are available. The technique developed by Hyslop, Hsuan and Holder is used so t...

A bottle up hyperbox granular computing (HBGrC) is developed based on distance measure. Firstly, hyperbox granule is represented by the beginning point and the end point. Secondly, the distance measure between two hyperbox granules is defined by the beginning points and the end points. Thirdly, operations between two hyperbox granules are designed to the transformation between two hyperbox gran...

An evaluation was undertaken to determine the utility of the BACTEC Peds Plus/F bottle and the BACTEC 9240 instrument (Becton Dickinson Diagnostic Instrument Systems, Sparks, Md.) for the detection of clinically significant microorganisms in synovial fluid specimens. The Peds Plus/F bottle was used because in our laboratory the quantity of synovial fluid available for culture is frequently in t...

The reliability of the ESP Culture System II (herein referred to as ESP II) for testing susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin was evaluated by comparing results to those of the method of proportion (MOP), which was considered the reference method, for 20 clinical isolates and 30 challenge strains provided by the Centers for ...

The diagnostic dose of d-phenothrin synergized 1:1 with piperonyl butoxide for testing insecticide susceptibility of mosquitoes by bottle bioassay is reported for 2 mosquito species, Culex quinquefasciatus and Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus. The diagnostic dose was defined as 2 times the 95% lethal concentration (LC95). LC50, LC90, and LC95 were estimated by probit analysis of dose response data. ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and compare the culture yield of bacterial isolation by conventional and blood culture BACTEC bottle techniques in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional comparative study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Pathology Department, Bannu Medical College, Bannu, KPK, from January 2012 to December 2013. METHO...

BACKGROUND To prevent breastfeeding problems, cup-feeding has been recommended as a method of providing medically necessary supplemental feedings to breastfed infants. OBJECTIVES To compare amounts ingested, administration time, and infant physiologic stability during cup-, bottle-, and breastfeeding. DESIGN/METHODS A total of 98 term, healthy newborns were randomized to either cup-feeding ...