BACKGROUND Pesticide-environment interactions are bidirectional. The environment alters pesticides by metabolism and photodegradation, and pesticides in turn change the environment through nontarget or secondary effects. OBJECTIVES Approximately 900 currently used commercial pesticides of widely diverse structures act by nearly a hundred mechanisms to control insects, weeds, and fungi, usuall...

Background: Nowadays stored–product insect pests are controlled by pesticides and chemical fumigant compounds. The continueous use of chemical pesticides is harmful for non–target creatures specially humans and other mammals. Beside they polluted the environment. Objective: Accoring to the studies, the essential oil of Labiatae plants have insecticidal activity against some pests. In this st...

Botanical preparations have been used medicinally for thousands of years. Many commercially available botanical products are being marketed in the United States with little or no publicly available scientific validation of efficacy or consistency. For botanicals to be reliable for research purposes and consumer products, they must be standardized with sufficient quality controls to ensure consi...

Bark of Rhamnus dispermus Ehrenb (Rhamnaceae) was collected from Ash-Shoubak, Jordan, and extracted with hexane, chloroform, acetone and ethanol, respectively. The aim of this study was to test the insecticidal activity of these extracts against the peach trunk aphid (PTA), Pterochloroides persicae (Homoptera: Lachnidae), since it has been shown that Rhamnus spp. may contain compounds that can ...

Botanical insecticides have long been touted as attractive alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for pest management because botanicals reputedly pose little threat to the environment or to human health. The body of scientific literature documenting bioactivity of plant derivatives to arthropod pests continues to expand, yet only a handful of botanicals are currently used in agricultu...

Executive Summary The NMDOH developed conclusions and recommendations about the potential association of pesticide exposure and Parkinson's disease (PD) based on the literature assessed. Two main categories were analyzed: studies without genetic interactions and studies with genetic interactions. Within these two categories, the following categories of pesticides were identified: 1) general, 2)...

Background & Aim: Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the most important pests of crops, ornamental and greenhouse plants in the world and, can damage to 900 plant species. Resistances to pesticides and acaricides have guided researches to introduce new methods to control T. urticae. Botanical pesticides are an important group of natural productions that are usually safer than ...

background & aim: tetranychus urticae koch is one of the most important pests of crops, ornamental and greenhouse plants in the world and, can damage to 900 plant species. resistances to pesticides and acaricides have guided researches to introduce new methods to control t. urticae. botanical pesticides are an important group of natural productions that are usually safer than conventional p...