AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To postulate a hypothesis to explain the embryogenesis of exstrophy bladder based on our clinical observations. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 27 cases of exstrophy, we measured the distance between the lowermost inguinal skin crease to the root of the penis (clitoris) (B) and the distance between the penis (clitoris) and the scrotum (labia majora) (C). These were compared with a...

Bladder and cloacal exstrophy are rare malformations associated with abnormalities in the pelvis. The objectives in reconstruction are to obtain a closed and continent bladder, with an acceptable cosmetic appearance. Treatment for the abnormalities of pelvic anatomy is an important part of achieving successful treatment for these urological conditions. This article aims to describe the techniqu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The Exstrophy Complex (EC) is a serious malformation of midline abdominal wall. Wide pubis prevents approximating the lateralized rectus muscle and leads to dehiscence and fistula formation. Our aim was to recommend an easier method for abdominal wall closure in the Bladder Exstrophy (BE) complex repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS From November 2007 to April 2010, we had ...

OBJECTIVE Bladder exstrophy is a congenital anomaly which is not always successfully managed by surgery. Major goals of surgical intervention in such cases are preservation of normal renal function, development of adequate bladder function and urinary continence and avoidance of future urinary tract infections. We present 5-year data on a patient who underwent complete repair of the bladder exs...

Bladder exstrophy is a complex abnormality and is traditionally treated within the early years of life. It is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer, with 95% of the arising tumors being adenocarcinomas and 3 to 5% being squamous cell carcinomas. HPV infections are also associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. This case represents a patient with bladder exstrophy that g...

Bladder exstrophy or as an erroneously known as ectopia vesica is a rare congenital malformation of the lower part of the abdomen and the genital area. It involves the urinary bladder, abdominal wall, pubic bones and the external genitalia. It requires functional reconstruction, which is often done as a single or in multiple stages; the aim of management is to preserve kidney functions, maintai...

Background: Bladder exstrophy is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by a defect in the closure of the lower abdominal wall and eversion of the bladder mucosa, ureteral orifices, bladder neck, and urethra Case : A 37-year-old woman arrived at the emergency room with a missed abortion. She was para 5-0-3-1 and had a breech section 7 years earlier. Conclusion: We describe patients with b...

Bladder exstrophy, a severe congenital urological malformation when a child is born with an open urinary bladder, is the most common form of bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) with an incidence of 1:30,000 children of Caucasian descent. Recent studies suggest that WNT genes may contribute to the etiology of bladder exstrophy. Here, we evaluated WNT-pathway genes in 20 bladder exstrophy...

OBJECTIVE Growth of the bladder in children with bladder exstrophy is primarily responsible for later ability to void continently. Improvement in bladder capacity has been noted in some boys following epispadias repair. Does the timing of epispadias repair influence the ability of the bladder to grow? METHODS Data were collected regarding bladder volume measurements, obtained under anesthesia...