Two new species, Hypancistrus phantasma and Hypancistrus margaritatus, are described based on material from the Rio Negro drainage. Both species are distinguished from congeners by unique color patterns. Hypancistrus phantasma is described from the Rio Uaupes and differs from congeners by having a tan body with small dark spots (vs. dark with light spots or with saddles or stripes). Hypancistru...

The preference for melanistic males was studied in two populations of eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki, Pisces: Poeciliidae), one from Florida and one from northern Italy. Melanism in the eastern mosquitofish is a Y--linked character, expressed in males only. Melanistic males have black spots varying in size and number. In the Florida population, melanistic males are common, whereas in ...

The purpose of this paper was twofold. First, it compared the criteria used by the different authorities in Australia to fund black spot treatments in their jurisdictions. Second, it presented the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Black Spot Program in WA. The findings presented in the paper form part of a wider review of the Black Spot Program in WA, w...

Aphanius marassantensis, new species, is described from the Kızılırmak River drainage in northern Anatolia based on colouration, meristic and morphometric characters, and the mtDNA COI barcode region. It is distinguished from other Anatolian Aphanius by one or several of the following characters: a stout body shape (BD/SL 28.2-39.6%), complete scale cover, and 25-28 scales along the lateral lin...

Road network are the life line for the movement of people and freight and plays an important role in the development of a region but road accidents cause heavy burden on financial and social setup of an economy. According to a WHO report, road accidents will become the fifth leading cause of death by 2030. Despite lot of effort from various agencies in curbing traffic accidents, they are on the...

This study focused on the public transport risk assessment in District one of ​​Tehran through Fault Tree Analysis involving the three criteria of human, vehicle and road in Haddon matrix. In fact, it examined the factors contributing to the occurrence of road accidents at several urban black spots within District 1. Relying on road safety checklists and survey of experts, this study made an ef...

Biomimetics often provides efficient ways to create a product incorporating novel properties. Here we present the replication of the Pieris rapae butterfly optical structure. This butterfly has white wings with black spots. The white coloration is produced by light scattering on pterin beads ranging from 100 to 500 nm whereas black spots correspond to areas without pterin beads, thus revealing ...

Xylotrechus tristisfaciessp. n. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Clytini) from China is described and illustrated. Characters distinguishing the new species from its close relatives, which possess an entirely black or dark brown pronotum with a black median stripe on the disc and dense yellowish to gray pubescent elytra with black or brown spots or bands, are presented.

Two new species of Schistura are described from the Koladyne basin of Mizoram, India. Schistura nebeshwari is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: a prominent dorsal adipose crest on the caudal peduncle, 11-14 dark olivaceous bars on the body, the entire ventral surface of head with numerous small melanophores, an incomplete lateral line, three black ...

Panaqolus albivermis is described as a new species based on four specimens from the San Alejandro River, a tributary of the upper Ucayali River in central Peru. Panaqolus albivermis is diagnosed from all other Panaqolus except P. maccus by having head, body, and fins with widely separated small white to yellow spots, vermiculations, and/or thin oblique bands on a black base (vs. exclusively sma...